argumentative essay
怎樣寫
argumentative essay 大全
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- 唔知有啲咩句式可以背？
- 想有範文參考？
唔緊要！因為小編今天為大家整理了argumentative essay 攻略，內裡包含可以使用的句式以及範文參考！
argumentative essay
中文 詳解
Argumentative Essay 中文 議論文 是一篇在某個問題上表明立場的文章。
在一篇好的議論文中，作者試圖通過陳述推理並提供支持證據的證據，來說服讀者理解和支持他們對某個主題的觀點。
在DSE/IELTS考試中，這種文體經常出現！
Argumentative Essay 種類 主要有兩種：
- One-sided argumentative essay
- Two-sided argumentative essay
題目例子
2022 DSE Q9
9. Learning English through Debating
The School Management is considering a four-day school week. Students would only need to attend school four days a week instead of five, but the length of each day would be increased by one hour.
You are a member of the Parent-Teacher Association (PTA). Write a letter to the President of the PTA stating your opinion either for or against a four-day school week. Give reasons to support your view.
argumentative essay
開頭
背景介紹
- According to / Based on + n., + SVO (根據)
Example: According to Sarah they’re not getting on very well at the moment.
Example: The film is based on a short story by Thomas Mann.
- In recent years, + SVO (最近幾年)
Nowadays, + SVO (今時今日)
Example: In the recent years, many researchers conducted laboratory core floods, and several companies carried field tests.
Example: Nowadays, I make my own bread rather than buy it.
- A recent report / study / survey +
shows / suggests / reveals / demonstrates + that + SVO
(報導 / 研究 / 調查 顯示…)
Example: A report shows that we are also still lacking when it comes to LGBTQI representation.
Example: A recent study suggests that Asian people are more prone to diabetes.
Example: A recent report reveals that participation is very strongly linked to social class.
Example: A recent survey demonstrates that a significant number of these cases involved young, often vulnerable people.
背景介紹
- + has (have) raised concerns about + n. (引起關注)
Example: Democrats in the Senate has also raised concerns about who would benefit.
Example: Critics have raised concerns about a slippery slope leading to eugenics.
- + has (have) raised + sounded alarm bells about + n. (敲響警鐘)
Example: The name has rung alarm bells in her mind.
Example: In my opinion, much more should have been done, and this should have rung genuine alarm bells for the Commission’s activities.
表達觀點
- I think that / I believe that + SVO (我相信)
Example: I think that internship experience is indispensable.
Example: I believe that all children are born with equal intelligence.
- It is my belief that / It is my conviction that + SVO (這是我的信念)
Example: It is my belief that people should be respected equally.
Example: It is my conviction that all rapists should be locked away for life.
argumentative essay
內文
標題句
- First of all,/To start with,/Firstly,/To begin with, + SVO (首先)
Example: First of all, I’d like to ask you a few questions.
Example: To start with, we’ll need a half cup of sugar, and then we’ll need another cup later.
Example: Firstly, we don’t have enough money, and secondly, we don’t have enough time. Example: To begin with, Cameron got sick on the first day.
- Secondly, / In addition, /Additionally, / Furthermore, /
Moreover,/Besides,/Also, + SVO (除此以外)
Example: Secondly, Theatre companies are very concerned about cuts in government grants to the arts.
Example: In addition to his apartment in Manhattan, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.
Example: The house is beautiful. Furthermore, it’s in a great location.
Example: Besides knowledge, he must have the pedagogical skills for teaching the language.
寫原因
- S VO + for two / three reasons (…有兩/三個原因)
Example: The Chinese government should abolish death penalty for three reasons.
- There are + two / three / many/numerous/several/a lot of/plenty of/a wide variety of + reasons for /causes of + n. (有幾個/很多原因)
Example: There are three reasons for the declining English standard of students in Hong Kong.
Example: There are several causes of the increasing divorce rate.
Example: There are a wide variety of reasons for the increasing popularity of social media.
好處與壞處/影響
- There are many/several/numerous advantages and disadvantages of
There are many/several/numerous benefits and drawbacks of
There are many/several/numerous pros and cons of + n. / + v. + ing
(有很多好處和壞處)
Example: There are many advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.
Example: There are several benefits and drawbacks of outlawing subdivided flats.
Example: There are numerous pros and cons of allowing more tourists from the world.
- + ing/n. + can bring + many/several/numerous + advantages and disadvantages
- + ing /n. + can bring + many/several/numerous + benefits and drawbacks
- + ing/n. + can bring + many/several/numerous + pros and cons
(…可以帶來很多好處和壞處)
Example: The construction of this building can bring many advantages and disadvantages.
Example: Using computer for a long time can bring several benefits and drawbacks.
Example: Space exploration can bring numerous pros and cons.
因果關係
- Although / Though / Even though + SVO, + SVO
SVO + although / though / even though + SVO (雖然)
Example: Although it is rarely clearly stated, we implicitly have a predicate whose result tells us when an abstract value permits strictness optimisations.
Example: Though participants’ responses on the set of practice items would not enter our analysis, the responses are telling.
Example: Even though I was very young, I remember a little about the war.
- SVO, + but + SVO (但是)
Example: Everyone in the office complains that he smells awful, but nobody dares mention it to him.
- Despite / In spite of + n., + SVO
SVO + despite / in spite of + n. (雖然)
Example: Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it.
Example: In spite of unification, the country was still faced with the daunting prospect of overcoming four decades of division.
表示目的
- To / In order to + v., + SVO
SVO in order to / so as to / to + v. (為了)
Example: To maximize profit the firm would seek to maximize output.
Example: In order to be irreplaceable, one must always be different.
Example: I think congratulations are in order for the new graduates in the room!
Example: I always keep fruit in the fridge so as to keep flies off it.
- With a view to / For the sake of + v. + ing, + SVO
SVO + with a view to / for the sake of + v. + ing (為了)
Example: For the sake of simplicity, let’s divide the discussion into two parts.
Example: These measures have been taken with a view to increasing the company’s profits.
Example: Their parents only stayed together for the sake of the children.
- SVO + in order that / so that + SVO (sbdy can/could do sthg) (為了)
Example: The child wants to finish her homework today in order that she will be free at the weekend.
Example: I study my lessons very hard in order that I can pass the exams.
Example: We must sink a borehole so that people can have water.
表示程度
- + is / am / are / was / were + so + adj. + that + SVO
Example: My child’s room was so untidy that he could not find anything he was looking for.
Example: This machine works so loudly that I have a headache.
- + is / am / are / was / were + such + adj. + n. + that + SVO
Example: She has such beautiful eyes that I can’t take my eyes off her.
Example: It was such an expensive restaurant that I decided not to go there anymore.
舉例子
- For example / For instance, + SVO (例如)
Example: There are a lot of extra curriculum activities out there. For example, this school provided 45 activities for students in 2020
Example: For instance, the more versatile Singaporeans, with richer experiences of life, might have been deterred from taking part for fear of losing face within sight of friends and relatives, should they perform ignominiously.
- SVO, + for example / for instance, + n. (例如)
Example: Offices can easily become more environmentally friendly by, for example, using recycled paper.
Example: In the electronics industry, for instance, 5,000 jobs are being lost.
比較
- Compared with + n., + SVO (與…相比)
Example: Compared with the United States, Europe was falling behind in the important field of computer technology.
- Comparing + n. + with + n., you will find that + SVO (將A與B比較，你會發現)
Example: Comparing dinosaurs with birds, you find that it provides interesting insights.
加強語氣
- Obviously,/Apparently,/Unmistakably,/Evidently,/Clearly, + SVO (明顯地)
Example: Obviously, these can be represented as languages over the output alphabet, namely as the set of outputs that obey them.
Example: Apparently, the abbey had suffered from the loss of seasonal pastures, a recurring but disastrous phenomenon.
Example: Clearly, the government should not make derivative work illegal on the Internet since it provides a platform for individuals to air their grievances.
- It is obvious that / It is apparent that /It is clear that/It is evident that + SVO
(明顯的是)
Example: It is obvious that hosting the Olympic Games benefits a nation more than it harms it.
Example: It is apparent that there are one or two discrepancies between the two reports.
Example: From the smell it was evident that the drains had been blocked for several days.
argumentative essay
駁論
- Some people may argue/pinpoint/point out / emphasize + that + SVO
(有些人可能會爭論 / 指出 / 指出 / 強調)
Example: Some people may argue that it creates the willingness to finance operating costs of projects undertaken.
Example: Some people may pinpoint that there are some basic features or fundamental aspects of this concept that are common to all of its variants.
- Critics may argue/pinpoint/point out / emphasize + that + SVO
(批評者可能會爭論 / 指出 / 指出 / 強調)
Example: Critics may point out that village development plans flow up through district and regional development committees to the central government.
Example: Critics may emphasize that the government did not intervene in such activities as long as they retained a purely philanthropic goal.
反駁
- Nevertheless, /However, /Nonetheless, + we should recognize that + SVO
Nevertheless, /However, /Nonetheless, + we should note that + SVO
Nevertheless, /However, /Nonetheless, + it is worth noting that + SVO
(但是，我們要知道…)
Example: Nevertheless, we should recognize that teaching team building, and communication skills requires an opportunity to practice these skills in vivo in the educational setting.
Example: However, we should recognize that there are good reasons for optimism in writing an overview of research on teaching reading.
Example: Nonetheless, it is worth noting that teaching does occur even in primitive groups.
Example: Nevertheless, we should recognize that three strict consensus trees obtained have the same topology.
- In fact, / In reality, / Actually, + SVO (事實上)
Example: In fact, the issue of college drug misuse has become worse.
Example: In reality, the neighborhood lacks basic infrastructure, a transportation network, and social services.
Example: Actually, many nations, including Holland and France, have approved gay marriage.
- The truth is that / The reality is that + SVO (事實是)
Example: The truth is that the government has been reducing home-help services and experimenting with privatisation.
Example: The reality is that the government further reduced the municipal elbowroom.
argumentative essay
總結
- In conclusion, / To conclude, + SVO (總括來說)
Example: In conclusion, numerous youngsters have developed an unhealthy dependence on extravagance and a privileged existence.
Example: To conclude, early university entrance is detrimental to kid prodigies because it deprives them of their youth and puts them under extreme strain.
- In sum, / To sum up, + SVO (總括來說)
Example: In sum, china’s aging population will exacerbate the pressure on the medical system and erode the country’s productivity.
Example: To sum up, copyright infringement reduces composers’ motivation to develop new music and results in economic losses.
argumentative essay
範文
argumentative essay
範例
2016 Part B, Q.2 Sample Essay
(Sports Communication – Letter to the Editor on Schools Allowing the Public to Use their Sports Facilities)
Dear Editor,
I am writing to express my dismay at a recent proposal suggesting that schools should allow the public to use their sports facilities after school hours. Despite complaints about insufficient sports facilities for the public, I believe such a suggestion while well-intentioned is ill-conceived for the following reasons.
To begin with, allowing the public to share the sports facilities with students’ deprives students of their full access to those facilities as well as their right to use them at their disposal. Most schools in Hong Kong have very limited space with just one basket court and/or one football pitch. With the public sharing the same facilities with students, this would create a conflict of interest. These facilities may become constantly occupied by members of the public for an extended period of time. As a result, students may not be able to utilize the sports equipment and facilities to which they are entitled. It is important for schools to provided adequate13 facilities and room for students to unwind and main their physical health after a long day of stressful classes. Besides, it goes without saying that many school sports teams need sports venues for practice and competition. Allowing public access could further disrupt their current practice schedules and undermine their progress in the preparation for upcoming competitions. Ultimately this may take a toll on their performance. Schools should make students a top priority and strive to cater to their needs whenever possible. Opening school sports facilities to the public would go against the best interests of students.
In addition, the broader important of keeping school facilities separate from the public also extend to the safety of students. Allowing public use would mean anyone can enter the school premises freely. It is extremely dangerous to have strangers roaming around campus since they can approach the students and potentially break into classrooms without supervision. Sex offenders and ex-convicts can also easily lurk around sports facilities after school hours and prey on their next target. In the US, mass shootings on school campuses in which damages and casualties were inflicted on young, impressionable schoolchildren are often a result of loose security, among other factors. The new move will, without question, raise concerns and doubts about students’ safety at schools among parents. Therefore, granting the public access to school sports facilities could put students in jeopardy and destroy parents’ trust in schools.
Advocates of this proposal may contend that schools can tighten security measures by requiring public users to present their IDs and register before using the facilities. The reality is that it is impossible to keep track of every user at the same time. On that note schools will have to allocate more resources and money to hire more security guards and oversee users’ activity. Along with the wear and tear of the sports facilities and equipment considerable maintenance costs will be incurred to keep them in good condition for both students and the public. The money and manpower should instead be employed to improve students’ learning experience. In fact, the responsibility of providing the public with sports and recreational facilities lies not in schools but in the government which should take the initiative in offering more sports centers and facilities for the public by revitalizing decrepit, empty sites that will benefit the whole community without hurting the interests of students.
Even though the proposal may alleviate the shortage at sports facilities for the public, students’ safety, welfare and access to those facilities will be compromised in the long risks of the proposal and reconsider the suggestion.
Yours faithfully,
Chris Wong
Chris Wong
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