Verb 中文 詳解
Verb 教學大全
Verb 大家都應該耳熟能詳！
不過，內裡有很多細節會令人忽略！
甚至連中六生都未搞清楚。
例如：點解有啲verb後面要加preposition？
點解有啲verb後面可以直接full stop？
有見及此，小編為大家整理了Verb 中文教學 大全，並附上大量例子！
Verb 是什麼？
動詞(verb)是表示行為、特徵、情感等的詞類。
例如：
do, study, be get, can, must等
動詞可分為4種：
- Notional Verb 實義動詞
- Link Verb 連繫動詞
- Modal Verb 情感動詞
- Auxiliary Verb 助動詞
Notional Verb 實義動詞
Notional Verb 實義動詞 表示人或事物的動作。
實義動詞有：
- Transitive Verb 及物動詞
- Intransitive Verb 不及物動詞
兩類。
不過，許多動詞可以是Transitive Verb 及物動詞 又是 Intransitive Verb 不及物動詞。
Transitive Verb 及物動詞
及物動詞即是必須涉及物件或人。如果沒有一個可以影響的物件或者人，該句子就是不完整的。
I love singing。
我愛唱歌。
在這句話中，動詞屬於及物動詞，而其目標則是唱歌這件事。若果沒有目標或稱為受詞，那麼這句句子便無法運作。所以若果省去手詞 – I love 是不對的。
Intransitive Verb 不及物動詞
而不及物動詞則是可以獨立使用的。所以它不用目標（受詞）就能夠表達句子的意思。若果你為這句句子加上受詞，則不能夠表達句子的意思。
I laugh.
我笑了。
在這句話中，動詞屬於不及物動詞，它不需要一個受詞。若果為其加上受詞，整句句子就會變成錯誤的。即如果在 I laugh 後面加上受詞 – I laugh her， 則是錯的。若果要將其變成及物動詞，則要加上at 在後面成為一個詞組(phrasal verb)
兩者皆可的動詞：
Verb | Transitive | Intransitive |
Write | Write your name here. | Noah couldn’t read or write. |
Wash | Have you washed your hands? | I washed, dressed, and went out. |
Live | He’s living a life of luxury abroad. | My dog lived till he was 11. |
Run | used to run a restaurant. | The path ran over the hill. |
Set | Bella sets a chair next to the bed. | The sun was setting, and a red glow filled the sky. |
Do | Have you done your workout? | Bella’s doing well in her new job. |
Grow | I grow star fruit in my garden. | My dog is growing quickly. |
Open | Open the door. | The store will open later. |
Close | Please close your eyes. | Most shops here are closed |
Play | Bella plays the piano. | Bella will play outside today. |
Link Verb 連繫動詞
Link Verb 連繫動詞 表示人和事物的特徵和狀態。
例句
最常見的link verb 有be, get, become, feel, smell, sound, look, seem等
例句：
He is a student.
His words sounded true.
Modal Verb 情態動詞
Modal Verb 情態動詞 說話的人的某種情感。
Modal Verb 情態動詞必須和Notional Verb/Link Verb 一起用。
最常見的Modal Verb 情態動詞 有：
can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, and must.
例句
Can you speak English?
It cannot be true.
He must be the man we are looking for
It may or may not happen.
Auxiliary Verb 助動詞
Auxiliary Verb 助動詞 是用來協助主動詞完成情態和否定等詞類。
List of auxiliary verbs
- be (am, are, is, was, were, being),
- can,
- could,
- do (did, does, doing),
- have (had, has, having),
- may,
- might,
- must,
- shall,
- should,
- will,
- would
例句
We will visit the museum tomorrow
He does not like the food
Form 動詞 詞形
動詞的詞形有4種：
- 不定式 (infinitive)
- 過去式 (past form)
- 現在分詞 (present participle)
- 過去分詞 (past participle)
不定式 (infinitive)
不定式 (infinitive) 就是動詞的原形。
有時會在前面加上 to 來表示，稱為 to-infinitive
如果沒有，我們通常會稱之為 bare infinitive
最常用的時態有7種：
- Present Tense
- Present Continuous Tense
- Present Perfect Tense
- Past Tense
- Past Continuous Tense
- Past Perfect Tense
- Future Tense
之前小編有分別寫不同時態的文章，大家不妨看看！
今次想同大家討論 Passive voice 用法！
普遍同學認識 Active voice ，即係大家所講 SVO， Subject (主語)一定是句子中的第一個字， Verb (動詞)緊貼著主語，最後， Object (副詞)通常在句子的最尾部分。
相反，Passive voice的次序調轉，Object是句子的第一個字，Verb 緊貼著 Object，最後，Subject通常在句子的最尾部分。
在某些情況下，Passive voice 會沒有Subject。
Passive Voice 例句
The event is organized by the school.
The mall was being renovated at the time.
A password is needed to access the website.
The rubbish is removed from the bins daily by the cleaner.
Phrasal Verb 短語動詞
Phrasal verb （也稱為multi-word verb）是與一個或多個prepositions或adverbs（稱為particles）組合的動詞：
Phrasal Verb 例句
I’m looking after my nephew this weekend. My sister has to go on a business trip.
You should never go back on a promise. Otherwise, people will not trust you.
Verb Table
常見動詞
base form | past | past participle |
beat | beat | beaten |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bet | bet | bet |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
build | built | built |
burn | burnt/burned | burnt/burned |
buy | bought | bought |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
cut | cut | cut |
do | did | done |
dig | dug | dug |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
fly | flew | flown |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | got |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grow | grew | grown |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hide | hid | hidden |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lean | leant/leaned | leant/leaned |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
pay | paid | paid |
put | put | put |
quit | quit | quit |
read /ri:d/ | read /red/ | read /red/ |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
shake | shook | shaken |
shine | shone | shone |
shoe | shod | shod |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown |
shrink | shrank | shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
sleep | slept | slept |
speak | spoke | spoken |
spend | spent | spent |
spill | spilt/spilled | spilt/spilled |
spread | spread | spread |
speed | sped | sped |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stank | stunk |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweep | swept | swept |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
understand | understood | understood |
wake | woke | woken |
wear | wore | worn |
win | won | won |
write | wrote | written |
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Grammar 攻略 傳送門
- articles
- countable & uncountable noun
- 英文量詞
- pronoun
- verb
- tenses
- wh-question
- quantifiers
- 英文數字 全攻略
- adjective
- comparatives &superlatives
- adjective pattern
- adverb
- preposition
- determiners
- modal verb
- Gerund & Infinitives
- relative clause
- reported speech
- present participle
- past participle
- 英文連接詞 大全
- conditional sentence
- phrasal verb
- question tag
- inversion
- collocation
