Past Perfect Tense
過去完成式
Past Perfect Tense 用法 大全
這篇文章會詳解過去式的另一位兄弟 Past Perfect Tense 過去完成式！
Past Perfect Tense 過去完成式 初初學的時候就覺得與Present Continuous Tense非常相似，好像兩者都可以在過去的時間點發生。
這令到不少同學產生疑惑，
past perfect tense幾時用？
從而隨隨便便就學完它，但其實沒有真正理解！
快快讀下去，立下心腸今天就要學會！
今天 Spencer Sir 會教你精通過去完成式！
用法1：過去的過去
我們使用Past Perfect Tense來談論在過去的另一個動作發生之前結束的動作。
我們用Past Tense來談論後來的動作。
Before his last expedition, John Hare had already been to Lop Nur five times.
在他最後一次探險之前，John Hare已經去過洛普努爾五次。
When Hare’s team arrived, they discovered that illegal miners had shot the animals.
當Hare的團隊到達時，他們發現非法礦工射殺了這些動物。
即是説，“Hare的團隊到達” 這件事是過去某時間點發生。而“非法礦工射殺動物”這件是發生在“Hare的團隊到達” 再之前。
用法2：表達後悔/遺憾
大家可能會感到驚訝，Past Perfect Tense竟然可以表達遺憾？
我們經常用wish搭配Past Perfect Tense來表達遺憾：
I’m tired! I wish I’d stayed at home.
我累了！我希望我呆在家裡。
(類似：早知就留在家裡)
John’s too hot from the sun! He wishes he hadn’t come with us.
Johb被太陽曬得太熱了！他希望他沒有和我們一起來。
(類似：早知就不來)
用法3：一件事情從過去的某個時間點發生，並且持續到過去另外一個時間點
好似非常模糊？
其實很簡單！
She had been reluctant to discuss with me until last week.
她一直不願意和我討論，直到上周才同意。
I hadn’t had a chance to play basketball for a year until March.
我有一年時間沒有機會打籃球，直到三月份才有機會。
即是説三月份對於説話者而言是過去。而沒有機會打籃球是比三月份更遙遠的過去並持續到三月份。
Past Perfect Tense
構成方式
Past Perfect Tense 陳述句
我們在Past Perfect Tense中形成正正面和負面的陳述，就像這樣……
| Subject | had | past participle | |
| He | had | visited | Kum Su before. |
| The team | had not (hadn’t) | seen | the miners that time. |
| The cyanide | had | poisoned | the wildlife. |
| The animals | had not (hadn’t) | seen | humans before. |
Past Perfect Tense
問題+回答
我們這樣用Past Perfect Tense問問題……
(Question word) | had | subject | past participle | |
Had | the miners | poisoned | the water? | |
Had | the wild animals | seen | people before? | |
What | had | the miners | done | to the animals? |
我們這樣用Past Perfect Tense回答是/否問題……
Question | Positive answer | Negative answer |
Had the miners poisoned the water? | Yes, they had. | No, they had not. No, they hadn’t. |
Had the wild animals seen people before? | Yes, they had. | No, they had not. No, they hadn’t. |
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Grammar 攻略 傳送門
- articles
- countable & uncountable noun
- 英文量詞
- pronoun
- verb
- tenses
- wh-question
- quantifiers
- 英文數字 全攻略
- adjective
- comparatives &superlatives
- adjective pattern
- adverb
- preposition
- determiners
- modal verb
- Gerund & Infinitives
- relative clause
- reported speech
- present participle
- past participle
- 英文連接詞 大全
- conditional sentence
- phrasal verb
- question tag
- inversion
- collocation
