Writing 卷從來都係香港人嘅弱項，以往表現最差都係呢份卷
IELTS Writing分數要從5.5提高到7分，確實不易。
其中一份IELTS研究報告認為要達到這個目標需要400個小時的全面intensive訓練，
但大家只要掌握IELTS Score 5.5 及Score 7在四方面的具体要求，並作針對式訓練，絕對可以再一年內達成這個目標。
以下將會介紹方法，幫助你突破5.5分，升上7分大關！
這些方法正正是小編教給學生，讓他們的writing突破5.5分！
提升Grammatical Range & Accuracy
Grammatical Range & Accuracy for IELTS Score 5.5是這樣的:
- Use only a limited range of structure;
- Simple sentences are generally accurately constructed;
- Common grammatical errors are accepted and punctuation may be faulty; iv. Errors can cause some difficulty for the reader.
Grammatical Range & Accuracy for IELTS Score 7卻是這樣的:
- Use a variety of frequent error-free sentence patterns;
- Produce complex structure of a sentence ;
- May make few errors.
在IELTS Score 5.5中，考生只需要對簡單句有一定層次的準確運用，即使有常見的錯誤和有限的句式範圍也可以。
但在Score 7中，考生需要具備精確運用語法的基礎之外，還需要展示能夠使用複雜句式和句型變化的能力，包括混合應用【句型+Definer形容語+Modifier修飾語】等。
通過學習和練習，考生可以提高自己的語法水平，從而提高IELTS Writing分數。
Tips
以下是一些提高Grammatical Range & Accuracy的方法：
學習語法：你需要了解英文語法的基礎知識，包括句型、時態、人稱等，進而學習和理解複雜的語法結構。
廣泛閱讀：閱讀不同類型的英文文章可以幫助你學習語法和單詞的使用方法，並提高你的閱讀理解能力。
學習寫作技巧：你需要學習如何使用不同的句型和語法結構，並避免常見的錯誤，例如主謂不一致、時態錯誤等等。
練習寫作：進行寫作練習是提高語法水平的有效方法，你可以通過寫作練習來檢驗自己的語法知識和技能。
反饋和修正：在練習寫作的過程中，你需要不斷地接受反饋和修正，並注意自己的常見錯誤，從而不斷提高自己的語法水平。
Common Grammar Mistakes
這裡是15個常見的語法錯誤
主詞和動詞不一致：例如，使用單數動詞與複數主詞或反之亦然，例如「The group of students is excited」而不是「The group of students are excited」。
使用撇號不當：例如，使用撇號來表示複數名詞，例如「banana’s」而不是「bananas」，或在縮寫詞中不當地使用撇號，例如「its」而不是「it’s」。
代名詞使用不當：例如，使用「her」代替「she」或「me」代替「I」。
長句子：例如，使用沒有標點符號或連接詞的兩個獨立子句，例如「I went to the store I bought some bread」。
短句子：例如，撰寫不完整的句子，缺少主詞、動詞或完整的思想，例如「After the party」。
逗號弔接：例如，僅使用逗號將兩個獨立子句分開，例如「I like pizza, I also like pasta」。
懸垂修飾語：例如，使用與其修改的詞沒有明確關聯的修飾語，例如「Running to catch the train, the rain started to fall」。
混淆同音詞：例如，使用「there」代替「their」或「they’re」，或使用「your」代替「you’re」。
混淆常用錯誤詞：例如，使用「affect」代替「effect」，或使用「lay」代替「lie」。
使用兩個否定詞：例如，在同一句子中使用兩個否定詞，例如「I don’t have no money」。
使用被動語態：例如，使用一種句子結構，其中句子的主語接受動作，例如「The ball was thrown by John」而不是「John threw the ball」。
冠詞使用不當：例如，在元音字母前使用「a」而不是「an」，例如「a apple」而不是「an apple」。
混淆動名詞和不定詞：例如，在某些動詞後使用「to」而不是「-ing」，例如「I enjoy to swim」而不是「I enjoy swimming」。
混淆形容詞和副詞：例如，使用「good」代替「well」或「fast」代替「quickly」。
大寫使用不當：例如，將不需要大寫的單詞大寫，例如「I went to the Store」。
提升Lexical Resources
Lexical (Vocabulary) Resources for IELTS Score 5.5是這樣的:
- Use limited range of vocabulary, but this is minimally adequate for the task;
- May make noticeable errors in spelling and/or word formation that may cause some difficulty for the reader.
Lexical (Vocabulary) Resources for IELTS Score 7卻是這樣的:
- Use sufficient range of vocabulary;
- May use uncommon lexical terms with awareness of the style.
在IELTS Score 5.5中，考生的詞匯要求不高，只需要拼寫正確，並允許有一定的錯誤。但在Score 7中，考生需要有足夠的詞匯量，使用適當的語調和描述，並使用不常用的單詞，即“低頻高分字”。考生需要注意詞匯的使用，並通過學習和練習來提高自己的詞匯水平。
Tips 1 （對比字詞）
比較數據描述圖表嘅時候唔可以剩係一味copy data，齋講升左幾多跌左幾多，而要多做比較！比較！比較！比較各項目的數據，多使用對比字詞。例如：
In contrary,
Likewise,
Similar to that …….
Oppositely,
除左對比，都唔好忘記要係描述返個overview，講述返整體個trend係點啊
Tips 2 （高階句式）
記住要多使用高階句式 + topic sentence何謂高階句式？
寫文章時避免用 “First” “Second” “Also” “An increase from …..” , “There was a drop in 2010” 等等，應該多使用較高階的句式。
例如：
- It is worth mentioning that…
- Equally noticeable is that…
- It is interesting to note that…
相比起用簡單的句式，使用較複雜的句式可以更容易在writing task中搶分。
例如：
同學們在IELTS作文卷第一個要面對的便是需要分析數據的Task 1，分析數據時少不免會用到increase/decrease等字眼，除了寫下簡單的”The statistic increases from 10% to 20%”，同學們可以試試不同的字眼及句式，例如：
”Graphically, it is recognized that the number of organ donors in Germany doubled to 20% over the past decade.”
另外要記得係段落開首要寫topic sentence，如果唔係就好難攞高分，所以topic sentence係十分十分重要㗎！
Tips 3 （多用近義詞）
轉換題目字眼當寫文時唔一個一味咁抄題目嘅字眼，咁樣會令marker覺得你識得嘅vocab不多，所以要定時轉換一下題目比你嘅key words。
例如當題目寫annual spending嘅時候，你可以寫yearly expenditure。多使用同意詞會令marker覺得你識嘅vocab好豐富，show到你唔只限識basic的詞彙。
同樣十分重要嘅係當寫writing task 1嘅時候千萬唔可以直抄，一定要轉換題目字眼！
如果唔係就好難上高分。
寫作卷裡常常發生要重覆提及題目中關鍵字眼的情況，這個時候最好不要反覆同一個字眼太多次，不然很容易給人感覺沉悶、麻木。
要是無法避免提及題目字眼，同學們可以用詞義近似甚或相同的字眼取代。例如：
“Accumulator vehicles (electric cars) are often depicted as highly ecologically favorable (environmentally friendly) by the media.”
除了’in conclusion’, ‘finally’這些入門級的結語之外，同學們可以用以下的詞作替代：
to summarize… in a nutshell… in closing…
e.g. “In a nutshell, the advantages that come with replacing PE classes outnumber that of keeping them.”
提升Coherence & Cohesion
Coherence & Cohesion for IELTS Score 5.5是這樣的:
- Attempt to use cohesive markers but sometimes inaccurately;
- Attempt to arrange information and ideas in a logical way but without too sound cohesion.
Coherence & Cohesion for IELTS Score 7卻是這樣的:
- Use a range of Cohesive markers appropriately;
- Logically organize information and ideas with clear and sound cohesion.
在IELTS Score 5.5中，考生需要有一定的邏輯性，嘗試使用Cohesive Markers，但使用不太恰當也可以。
但是在Score 7中，考生需要全篇都有清晰、合理地具邏輯組織，使用一定範圍內的Cohesive Markers，並使Topic Sentence和Cohesive Markers有清晰、合理、全篇性的擺位。
此外，在Introduction和Conclusion中也需要展示paraphrase的能力。通過熟悉這些要求並進行相應的練習，考生可以提高自己的Coherence & Cohesion水平，從而提高IELTS Writing分數。
Tips 1 (善用連接詞)
IELTS 作文卷的字數限制不多，Task 1 要求達到150字，Task 2則要求達到250字。
同學們宜善用連接詞，將文章的前文後理銜接起來，盡量讓文章讀起來時不會太突兀，像是強行將單個句子放到一起一樣。例如剛表達完第一個idea，可以這樣寫：
“Of equal importance is the chronic overpopulation in Kwun Tong’ traffic.”
Tips 2 (Topic sentence)
文章開頭Introduction的時候不妨用這樣的句式表達中心思想：
it is (adj) that…
e.g. “It is undeniable that women are just as intelligent as men, if not more intelligent.”
當遇上一些關於正反雙方立論的題目時，可以試用以下句式作introduction：
there is a hot/heated debate over…
e.g. “There is a hot debate over raising the income taxation.”
同學們在論述反方意見時，可以用以下句式：
However, it is also noteworthy that…
e.g. “However, it is also noteworthy that having pets could pose as a potential threat to one’s newborn.”
Tips 3 (因果關係)
以下句式可用作表達兩樣事物的關係(有因才有果)：
(reason) makes for (result)
e.g. “A healthy relationship makes for a healthy lifestyle.”
提升Task Achievement
Task Achievement for IELTS Score 5.5是這樣的:
Address the requirement of the task:
- (Academic) presents an overview with information appropriately selected;
- (General Training) presents a purpose that is generally clear, maybe there being inconsistencies in tone.
Task Achievement for IELTS Score 7卻是這樣的:
Covers the requirement of the task:
- (Academic) presents a clear overview of main trends, differences or stages;
- (General Training) presents a clear purpose, with appropriate tone consistency and bullet points being fully elaborated.
Tips
要提升Task Achievement的表現，以下是一些建議：
確定寫作目的：你需要確定自己的寫作目的，並將其清晰地表達出來，讓讀者能夠明白你的意圖。
組織內容：你需要將寫作內容組織清晰，確保每個段落都有明確的主題句和支持句，並且按照邏輯順序排列。
提供足夠的細節：你需要提供足夠的細節，以支持你的主題句和論點，這可以幫助你達到Task Achievement的要求。
使用適當的術語：如果寫作題目需要使用特定術語，你需要使用正確的術語，這可以使你的寫作更加專業、精確。
Bonus Tips
數據分析
- 這個句式適用於表達一些細小的數據：
Hardly any (sth)…
e.g. “As shown in the figure, one can observe that hardly any money is spent on buying books per week.” - 不用公式化的句式來引用數據，同學們可以用以下句式：
I shall appeal to (reference) to argue that…
e.g. “I shall appeal to research conducted by the World Bank to argue that the world population is growing at an extremely rapid rate.”
IELTS 7分 寫作必學句式
Task 1 Introduction
- A Glance at the two diagrams provided reveals the…(topic)
- Given are (number) graphs comparing/indicating the (topic)
- Given is a diagram illustrating the process. by which….
Task 1 Content
- By far the most common form of (topic), (items) has a staggering number of…
- (Rank) in terms of (topic), meanwhile, is…
- (Adverb, e.g.. Equally, highly) predictable is the fact that…
- Numbering some (counts), (items) was (rank) for this group.
- Followed by (items)…
- With regard to (topic), the figures are much lower/higher throughout the world
- One particularly interesting fact highlighted by the figure is that…
- It is evident from the information provided that…
- Before the…, it is first necessary for the…
- The former is…while the latter are…
Task 1 Conclusion
1. It was worth mentioning that…
2. Also noteworthy is the fact that…
Task 2 Introduction
- The Phenomena, explained with quotes or strong sentences
- Views from both sides (While some are of the view that…the opposition…)
- Preview the essay
- Agree/Disagree/My opinion…: My stances (I hold the fervent belief that…/I disprove of the notion as…)
- Other types: In this essay, I aim to explore…(first part), and
simultaneously (second part)
Task 2 Content
表達原因
句式 1
The reason+why+ 句子 +is that 句子
例句: The reasons why Mah-jong has gained popularity in HK are explained below. 例句: The reasons why watching TV makes us smarter are difficult to comprehend
句式 2
engender 名詞 (導致) [感受]
例句: This incident has engendered a lot of controversies. [引言]
例句: Joining this exchange program engenders students’ sense of responsibility (聖人 ___________ )
句式 3
名詞 is the root cause of + n. (…是…的根本原因)
例句: Wide wealth gap is the root cause of the social conflicts nowadays.
例句: Lack of comprehensive welfare policy launched by the government is the root cause of the problem of inter-generational poverty.
句式 4
名詞 is the culprit of + 名詞. (… 罪魁禍首)
例句: The lack of concentration is the culprit of many students’ poor academic results. 例句: long working hours are the culprits of some chronic diseases.
例句: The blind pursuit of economic growth is the culprit of moral degradation in Chinese society.
句式 5
名詞+ result from / stem from + 名詞. (起源於)
例句: The grave poverty problems stem from the lack of a comprehensive social welfare policy in HK.
例句: Their poor relationship with the family stems from a misunderstanding.
句式 6
attributed to/ascribed to/associated with/connected with/related to + 名詞 (歸因於)
例句: That teenagers are not happy is attributed to the high-stress levels from academic studies.
例句: The phenomenal success of K-pop can be ascribed to good marketing strategies.
表達好處/壞處
句式 1
名詞 is advantageous to/beneficial to/conducive to/instrumental in 名詞/ 動詞+ ing
(有助於)
例句: Doing regular exercise is conducive to __________________ (improve) our health.
例句: A harmonious family environment is conducive to the __________________ growth of children.
例句: Playing sports is beneficial to our body.
例句:Developing a sophisticated education system is advantageous to the sustainable
development of a country.
例句: A strong rapport is instrumental in cultivating a sense of __________________ in HK.
句式 2
名詞 improve /enhance/strengthen/ameliorate +名詞 (改善)
例句: This new initiative can ameliorate the air quality of a country.
例句: The new school policy helps students ameliorate academic performance
句式 3
名詞 + be harmful to/detrimental to/deleterious to/injurious to 名詞
有壞處的
例句: Excessive pressure is detrimental to our ________________ health.
例句: Playing games full of violence is injurious to teenagers’ psychological development.
例句: It is detrimental to our health; and it is equally deleterious to our social and family life.
句式 4
名詞 endanger / compromise /jeopardize / _____________ 名詞 (危及)
例句: Addiction to social media will jeopardize students’ health.
例句: The new project will jeopardize the livelihood of taxi drivers.
例句: Global warming will endanger the habitat of wild _________________.
例句: The surging rents in recent years have compromised the profit of small businesses.
例 句 : This protest will jeopardize Hong Kong’s stability and safety ( 聖 人 _________________ ).
例句: Working for long hours engender various health ________________.
例句: Using a lot of social media without constant communication with the family will jeopardize the relationship with parents.
舉例句式
句式 1
名詞 is a case in point (…是一個例子)
例句: Students enjoy using social media during their leisure time. Instagram is a case in point. 例句: Finance, law, and medicine are cases in point.
句式 2
名詞 is a glaring/vivid/striking example. 例句: English grammar is a striking example. 例句: Badminton is a vivid example.
句式 3
名詞 and 名詞 are a list of illustrations that 句子
名詞 and 名詞 are a list of illustrations of 名詞
例句: Eating apples and doing more exercise are a list of illustrations of staying healthy.
比較句式
句式 1
Compared with + n., + 句子(與…相比)
例句: Compared with their counterparts, local students are often not hardworking due to a lack of motivation.
例句: Compared with the ossified education system in HK, the schools in Finland adopt more free-style teaching based on an interactive learning system.
Comparing + 名詞 + with + 名詞, you will find that + 句子(將…..比較，你會發現)
例句: Comparing the local singers nowadays with the superstars in the 1980s, you will find that their standard is low.
例句: Comparing the children nowadays with those in the 1960s and the 1970s, you will find that they are over-dependent and spoilt by their parents.
句式 2
On one hand, + 句子 + On the other hand, + 句子 (一方面…另一方面)
例句: On one hand, incinerators can reduce the burden on our landfills. On the other hand,
they will exacerbate the air pollution problem.
例句: On one hand, credit cards can provide us with convenience. On the other hand, they may lead to overspending.
句式 3
句子 + In contrast, + 句子 (相反)
例句: The birth rate in many countries like Germany and Japan has been declining. In contrast, the United States has maintained a relatively a high birth rate. As a result, its
productivity will be higher in the years to come.
In contrast to + 名詞, + 句子(與其他事物相比)
例句: In contrast to the government in Singapore, the Hong Kong government does not
provide sufficient assistance for the public to purchase their homes.
Task 2 Conclusion
- Concluding sentences (In a nutshell / in summation / in drawing things to a close…)
- Re-emphasize the +ve/-ve points upon my stances/importance of concerning the issue
- Hoping/Foreseeing about the future
IELTS Writing 5.5分 vs 7分 sample
IELTS Writing 5.5分
About enhancing education among the public, citizens have a higher chance to approach arts and develop their interests, especially in an exam-oriented city. People seldom find what they like. For instance, people can easily visit such museums without economic burden, they can learn new skills like painting and singing to diversify their abilities. This can help society to thrive and prosper as professionals, such as, actors and singers are more popular, thus fewer people are jobless. Also, equality should be appreciated in society.
IELTS Writing 7分
The first suggestion popping into my mind is to promote education among the public. That the teenagers’ interest can be enhanced have a higher chance to approach arts and develop their interests, especially in an exam-oriented city, in which people seldom find what they like. Visiting museums is a striking illustration. Teenagers can easily visit such museums without economic burden, in pursuit of learning new skills to boost their abilities. This can further help society to thrive and prosper as professionals, as actors and singers are more popular. Equally worth noting is that equality should be appreciated in society…
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