Speech 格式
不知不覺，我們已經來到了英文卷二卷三常見實用文寫作格式。
今期筆者將為大家分享另一個實用文格式 – speech 格式 。
至於如何可以成功寫作一篇好的演講辭，贏得所有marker的歡心？
筆者就立刻為大家介紹寫作技巧及 speech 格式 的注意事項。
DSE Speech
speech是一種涉及與聽眾交談或進行演示的交流。 總統講話是演講的一個例子。
不過 DSE English paper 2/paper 3 不會那麼嚴肅的！
但DSE英文卷二卷三已經較少表明要求學生寫speech，反而會轉另一字，
例如：announcement in morning assembly。
學生們要感受到DSE想大家寫類近speech的文體。
當然DSE對 Speech 格式 都有少少要求，
這個在其後向大家展示！
Writing Speech 格式
Good morning principal, teachers and fellow students, 視乎有咩人起度
- opening
- 內文 (points)
- ending
Thank you
Speech 格式 千篇一律，基本上都是一樣的(debate speech 格式 會在這個基礎上增加一些格式條件)，所以只要緊記格式就不需要另作改變，更不要另外自行創作！！！
DSE English Speech
寫作技巧
當您撰寫DSE英文演講辭時，以下是一些寫作技巧，以幫助您創造出一個成功的演說：
開始有力的引言：開始時使用引人入勝的引言可以吸引聽眾的注意力，並引出您的主題。您可以使用名言、故事、問題或引人入勝的事實來吸引觀眾的注意力。
用簡潔明了的語言：使用簡潔明了的語言可以使您的演說更加清晰易懂。避免使用冗長的句子和過多的專業術語，而是使用簡單的句子和常用詞彙來傳達您的觀點和論據。
使用段落：使用適當的段落可以幫助您的演說更加易讀，以使您的演說更加清晰。同時，使用短段落可以使您的演說更加易於閱讀和理解。
使用具體的例子和數據：使用具體的例子和數據可以使您的觀點更加具體。您可以使用實際的案例、數據和統計數據來支持您的論點，並使您的演說更加具有說服力。
創造強烈的情感共鳴：使用情感共鳴可以使您的演說更加生動和引人入勝。您可以使用故事、比喻和個人經驗來引起觀眾的情感共鳴，並使他們更加投入到您的演說中。
注意演說的結構：演說的結構非常重要，它可以幫助您更好地組織您的論據和觀點。演說應該包括引言、主體和結論三個部分，其中主體應該分為幾個段落，每個段落都應該有一個明確的主題和論點。同時，您應該使用過渡詞語和短語來使您的演說更加流暢和連貫。
Speech 開頭/引言
Step 1: 打招呼
Good morning Principal, teachers and my fellow schoolmates,
Step 2: 表明身份 (視乎情況，有時候不需要)
As __________________ , I am honoured to extend a warm welcome to you all. I would like to share with you about 名詞.
Step 3: 進入主題
Without further ado (廢話少數), let’s dive right into it. In today’s speech, I’d like to highlight 3 major points, including A, B and C.
Speech 內文
Step 1 主題句
主題句是一個段落中最重要的句子，它概括了整個段落的主題和重點。寫作時，確定一個明確的主題句可以幫助您更好地組織您的想法，並使您的段落更加清晰和易於理解。
以下是確定主題句的步驟：
首先，明確確定段落的主題。這可以通過問自己「這一段在講什麼？」來實現。
接下來，考慮您想在這個段落中強調什麼。您應該選擇一個重點，即您希望讀者將在這個段落中學到或明白的最重要的事情。
然後，將這個重點轉化為一個明確的句子，並確保這個句子涵蓋了整個段落的主題和內容。
最後，將這個句子放在段落的開頭，作為主題句。這會讓讀者清楚地知道這個段落在講什麼，並且有助於使您的段落更加有組織和易於閱讀。
例如，如果您正在寫一篇論文，其中一個段落是關於氣候變化對海洋生物的影響，您可以確定主題句如下：「氣候變化已經對海洋生物造成了嚴重的影響，包括物種的遷移、棲息地的改變和生態系統的破壞。」這個句子涵蓋了整個段落的主題和內容，並且為讀者提供了一個清晰的概述。
Step 2 RICE
如何把內容寫的飽滿？
- R – Reasons
- I – Impact
- C – Compare
- E – Examples
透過這4個嚮導，
大家便可以提升內容全面性。
不過，
你還需要speech的獨特搶分位……
Step 3: 搶分位
1. 問5** 問題
If we violate school rules, we will receive punishment like staying after school while teachers meet our parents. Do you want to spend your precious time staying in a vacant classroom to wait for the end of your punishment or playing basketball happily with your friends on the basketball court (情景)? It is important for us to follow the school rules in order to have an enjoyable school life.
其他問問題方法：
- Have you wondered why 句子?
- What would you do if you were me?
2. 代入角色
Level 5 **
As a former student at ABC College, I’m quite sure you haven’t pondered over these benefits but I think we will be more confident and when gaining peer recognition and acceptance, won’t we?
其他句式：
- I bet all of you share a similar experience.
- At this point, you probably wonder 名詞
- You may wonder why 句子
3. 畫面大法 + (排比句)
Level 5*:
Our school doesn’t allow using mobile phones during lessons. Following the school rules can lead us to success. Imagine when you are concentrating in class, some annoying sound from a mobile phone distracts you.
You can imagine the joy of hanging out with friends; you can imagine the joy of working hard together; you can imagine the joy of achieving common goals.
Level 5**
Step 1: Picture this scene: a group of naughty students are eating when the teacher is talking; some classmates are using their phones while others are conducting an experiment in the laboratory; several boys are using foul languages when chatting. What do you think? Would you like to study in such a school? Do you want your schoolmates to be one of them?
Step 2: Great, I see that many of you are shaking your heads.
短句
- Just go for it!
- Stay tuned!
- Don’t waver.
Step 4: 總結句
- As you can see, 句子
- To wrap up, 句子
Speech 結論
在一篇出色的英文演講辭中，結論部分非常重要，其功能在於總結觀點，讓聽眾對今次的主題留下深刻的印象。
因此，結論部分可以先回顧一下正文中提到的主要觀點，再次強調自己的立場，接著感謝觀眾的耐心聆聽和主辦方的邀請，最後為主題或觀眾寄語。
Step 1: 回顧内容
In conclusion, we’ve discussed the importance of environmental conservation and the role that each and every one of us plays in preserving our planet.
Step 2: 希望在明天
My hope is that today’s discussion has inspired you to take action, and to become more mindful of the impact your actions have on the environment.
Step 3: 感謝觀衆
Once again, thank you for being here today, and for your commitment to creating a better world.
DSE Writing
Speech 3大原則
語境意識
相信大家都不會陌生了，又是我們的老朋友 – 語境意識。
由於是演講辭，一般而言它的作用在於向一群聽眾發表演說，所以它所採取的為informal的格式，不會在用詞或寫作上過份認真和深究。
可以說，它其中的一個目的報求令到演講者能夠成功傳達訊息外，聽眾也不會睡著。
當然演講辭也有機會被用作一個嚴肅莊嚴的場合所以寫作時也不能過份輕鬆，必先留意題目給予的角色再作定論。
搞笑
無錯，大家無聽錯就是搞笑。基於演講辭不是一篇formal的寫作，而且需要吸引既定聽眾的注意力，所以不會有更好的方法能夠達成目標，除了搞笑。
不過要切記，這裏所提及的搞笑並不是你現實生活中所開的玩笑。
畢竟你在寫作的時候，你身處於一個考試之中，所以你必須考慮你所寫的這個玩笑，改卷老師是否能看懂。
因此最佳的建議狀況，是寫作一些並不好笑但輕鬆易明的玩笑，務求向改卷老師展現你有寫作演講辭的寫作技巧而且他不會誤會你。
例如在玩笑過後加上一句 “Just kidding”這樣便可以萬無一失了。
問問題
青少年，時時刻刻都要保持好奇心，要做「問題青年」，而寫作演講辭就是一個好好的途徑去抒發你的問題。
除了搞笑，問問題引起別人的思考也是吸引聽眾注意力的一個方法。
問題可以加在演講辭的任何一個部分，可以是開首利用問題引起注意，也可以是內文部分問問題加強聽眾的共鳴，也可以在文末問問題引起反思和扣題。
透過問問題，你的演講辭便能夠進一步展現互動性不會過於沉悶及單一。
- Have you heard of …?
- Do you know..?
- Have you ever thought of …?
總括而言，演講辭的寫作雖然輕鬆，但是有很多值得注意的地方可以區分出你的寫作與他人的分別。
最重要的還是熟讀題目按題目的要求寫出合適的演講辭，而加上不同的元素配合主題。
能夠隨機應變，配合不同主題而寫作才是考驗你們的功力所在。
DSE Speech 範文
DSE English Speech Sample
是次範文是取自 2021 DSE Writing Part A 5** speech 滿分42/42範文
DSE Speech 範文 題目
You are helping your school organize the annual school fair. You have been ask to make an announcement about the event during the morning assembly.
Use the poster below to help you write your announcement. In your announcement:
- Introduce the event.
- Describe some of the activities that will take place.
- Let students know how they can help out
2021 DSE Writing Part A 部份一
Good morning, Principal, teachers and fellow students.
2021 DSE Writing Part A 部份二
2021 DSE Writing Part A 部份三
The day will start with a “bang” at the food stalls, so forget lunch and come stuff yourself silly instead! Our Home Economic club has been teasing us with utterly delectable Takoyaki balls, filled to the brim with fresh octopus, covered with a truly decadent mozzarella and goat cheese sauce. Be careful, or else you might find yourself literally speechless and tongue-tied by octopus tentacle – that’s just how fresh they are (just kidding)! Have an insatiable sweet tooth? Check out the dessert booth and be on the lookout for the chocolate custard tarts, with a scrumptious core of white chocolate. Bon appetit!
2021 DSE Writing Part A 部份四
The next activity worth stopping by to at least watch is the alumni football match. Did you know that Hong Kong’s rising super star, Keung To is an alumni of our school? Sign up for the match, and you might be able to play with, or against him! We also have no shortage of teachers who also happen to have studied here, and are trembling in excitement to relive and reminisce on their youth, filled with laughter and merriment. If you are interested in seeing if your football skills measure up to our staff, do come and join us. Each match will be a 30-minute mini match, with seven people on each team, and as a twist, two footballs! What an amazing way to burn excess calories from the food stalls, don’t you think so?
Debate Speech
辯論演講是兩個對立方之間就某個問題進行的正式對話。 一方贊成這個問題，而另一方則反對。 辯論演講的主要目標是說服聽眾你的觀點是正確的。
此外，以下是確定辯論演講定義的兩個主要組成部分：
背景描述了與該問題相關的地區正在發生的事情。
議案的精神解釋了你的論點將如何進行。
它由三個基本組件組成，如下所列。
- 邏輯一致性
- 事實正確性
- 情感訴求
另一方面，辯論演講可以幫助我們考慮許多觀點，同時也可以提高我們的公開演講能力。 它還可以幫助您掌握提出令人信服的論點的基礎知識。
而Debate Speech 格式與普通speech大同小異，只是有些字眼要轉為Debate Speech 專用的字眼。
不過Debate Speech的語境意識及行文風格則與普通大不相同！
Debate Speech 格式
Debate Speech format
Debate Speech 格式:
Good morning, adjudicators, the opponent team, ladies and gentlemen,
- opening (下面會再講debate speech相關字眼)
- 內文 (points)
- ending
Thank you
Debate speech 格式 也是千篇一律，基本上都是一樣的，但不要另外自行改英文字！！！
DSE Debate Speech 寫作原則
論據必須有說服力
您的辯論演說應該包含具有說服力的論據，這些論據應該是可驗證的、有根據的、具有邏輯性的。您應該為您的立場提供實際的證據和數據，並使用可靠的來源來支持您的論點。此外，您應該盡可能預見對方的反駁，並在您的演說中提前回應。
演說中使用例子
使用例子和故事可以幫助您更好地傳達您的觀點和論據。您可以使用具體的例子和故事來支持您的論點，並使您的演說更加有説服力。
結構清晰、重點突出
辯論演說應該有清晰的結構和明確的重點。您應該在演說開始時明確陳述您的立場和主張，並在演說中遵循一個清晰的邏輯架構，以使您的論據更加易於理解和記憶。您應該注意時間，確保您在規定的時間內表達完整個論點，並在結尾時再次強調您的主張。
Debate Speech 寫作技巧
當您撰寫Debate Speech時，以下是一些寫作技巧，以幫助您創造出一個成功的演說：
確定您的立場
在撰寫辯論演說之前，您需要確定您的立場。您應該仔細研究和了解您所要辯論的主題，以確定您的立場和論據。
確定您的主題句
主題句是一個段落中第一句句子，它概括了整個段落的主題和重點。在撰寫辯論演說時，您需要確定一個明確的主題句，以幫助您更好地組織您的想法，並使您的演說更加清晰和易於理解。
使用證據和邏輯
在撰寫辯論演說時，您需要使用證據和邏輯來支持您的論點。您可以使用事實、統計數據、專家見解和案例研究等證據來支持您的論點。同時，您應該使用邏輯和理性的方式進行辯論，以使您的觀點更具有說服力。
注意演說的結構
演說的結構非常重要，它可以幫助您更好地組織您的論據和觀點。演說應該包括引言、主體和結論三個部分，其中主體應該分為幾個段落，每個段落都應該有一個明確的主題和論點。同時，您應該使用過渡詞語和短語來使您的演說更加流暢和連貫。
Debate Speech 開頭/引言
Step 1: 打招呼
Good morning, adjudicators, the opponent team, ladies and gentlemen,
Step 2: 表明身份 (用affirmative/negative)
I am Chris Wong, the captain of the affirmative team.
Step 3: 引入主題 (用motion)
Today, it is my honour to be standing here to argue for the motion – “The policy of reporting students’ class position should be abolished.”
Step 4: 入戲
- To all the guests and students sitting here in the hall, can you still vividly recall your feelings when you last received (六何法)?
- 3條問題?
- While others contend that 句子 (相反立場), my team holds the firm belief that SVO
Debate Speech 內文
5**句式
- It is patently obvious that 句子
- Abolishing the ranking is the prerequisite for enhancing our system
- Ranks are merely evils suffocating students and the policy should be abolished in no time. = immediately
- 萬用主題句:
- Among all the demerits of the system, the most noteworthy one is the fact that
- On top of distorting the purpose of education, equally important is the fact that
- 分裂句: it is the system of revealing students’ ranks that distort the true meaning of education;
- They attach inordinate importance to the exams
- The results are far from satisfactory
- 舉例: I am a striking example of this.
Debate Speech 駁論
駁論4步曲
Step 1: Our decent opponent team would counter my stance, contending that 句子
對方立場
Step 2: Yet, such a claim is in fact ill-founded.
Step 3: I bet the opposition team has overlooked the importance of 名詞
正文
Step 4: With this in mind, the opponent’s argument cannot stand.
Debate Speech 總結
Step 1: In a nutshell, 句子
Step 2: Therefore, today’s motion must (not) stand. Thank you!
Debate Speech Sample DSE
Debate Speech 範文
是次範文出自2018年DSE Writing Q5
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份一
Good morning, adjudicators, the opponent team, ladies and gentlemen,
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份二
I am Chris Wong, the captain of the affirmative team. Today, it is my honour to be standing here to argue for the motion – “The policy of reporting students’ class position should be abolished.”
To all the guests and students sitting here in the hall, can you still vividly recall your feelings when you last received your report card with a long list of numbers indicating your position? Excited? Delighted? Deflated? Desperate? Are you satisfied with the fact that your academic
While some contend that these numbers are good indicators that drive students’ improvements in school results, my team holds the firm belief that these ranks are merely evils suffocating students and the policy should be abolished in no time. My team have three points to make.
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份三
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份四
On top of distorting the purpose of education, equally important is the fact that the system of reporting students’ class positions is unfair to students, especially the senior form students.
(reasons) As you all know, the New Senior Secondary curriculum allows students to opt for diversified electives and the combinations of electives are countless. While each subject may impose a different mode of assessment on students, it makes no sense to compare students’ class positions based on the average scores calculated using the marks of subjects of different realms.
I am a striking example of this. As I am keen on language analysis, I chose Chinese Literature and English Literature as my electives. Yet, the scores obtained in exams are lower than those of science students, even though I topped the list among the students taking my electives last year. It turns out my class position is far from satisfactory. Does this imply that I didn’t perform well in exams? Does this imply others who are ranked higher than me are necessarily better than me? Obviously not.
Given that students take different electives in senior forms, the class positions mean nothing and should thus be abolished.
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份五
Here comes to our final argument – the system of reporting students’ positions will exacerbate the phenomenon of “Tiger Moms” in Hong Kong, ultimately putting huge strains on students.
Reasons: Our city is notorious for “Tiger Moms” and helicopter parents that exert massive pressure on their children, be it extra-curricular activities or academic results. As parents may not know much about the curriculum of the subjects and the daily performance of their children, the one and only indicator for them to evaluate their performance would be the class positions.
例子 – 引發共鳴 I am sure many of you sitting here have a similar experience. Dissatisfied and exasperated by the plunging class positions in your report cards, your parents scold you for not working industriously. As time goes by, they are increasingly demanding and compel you to do extra revision and an unreasonably large number of mock exam papers. Coupled with the long hours of schooling, you may feel so stressed that you have heated arguments with your parents. It is lamentable to see that such trivial numbers on report cards can ironically aggravate the pressure of students and even erode family harmony.
Under this line of thinking, it is our team’s belief that the class position system should be abolished.
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份六
Our decent opponent team would counter my stance, contending that class positions are driving forces for students to elevate their performance in exams. Such a belief is based on the assumption that scores do not mean anything as they cannot reflect our performance relative to other students and ranks are the best barometers for them to reflect on their shortcomings and initiate studying plans to improve their performance next time.
Yet, such a claim is in fact ill-founded.
While it is acknowledged that scores do not reflect anything, I bet the opposition team has overlooked the importance of grades. Grading students into different distinct groups is already sufficient for them to realize the domains where they haven’t achieved well, while simultaneously will not impose tremendous burden on students and lead to vicious rivalries within classes as their actual rank is not revealed.
With this in mind, the opponent’s argument cannot stand.
2018 DSE Writing Q5 部份七
To conclude, it is the system of revealing students’ ranks that distort the true meaning of education; it is the system of exposing students’ class positions which creates unfairness for students; it is the system of showing class ranks on report cards that triggers the formation of Tiger Moms. (排比句)
To the audience, do you want to see teenagers, who are the future pillars of society, to grow in such a pressurized environment? To all the adjudicators, would you want your children to be eroded by the vicious rivalries in schools? To all the students sitting here, do you want your success to be judged by numbers on report cards any more? It is patently obvious that abolishing the students’ class positions is the prerequisite for enhancing our problematic education system. Therefore, today’s motion must stand. Thank you!
希望這部分可以幫助你了解 speech / debate speech 格式 以及寫好speech / debate speech 的技巧！
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