中文作文向來被稱為「死亡之卷」，英文 Writing 亦都不惶多讓，學生捉唔到英文語法嘅規律，結果俾人扣曬啲 grammar 分。加上使用嘅句式唔夠多元，所以攞唔到高分。今次就分享下Grammar不同嘅用法同常犯錯誤，同埋 Writing 5**狀元會用嘅句式喇。
Grammar 常犯錯誤
there have vs there be
好多香港人都會下意識咁將中文直譯成英文，當中最有標誌性嘅莫過於「呢度有」-> “there have” 。正確嘅用法應該係 “there is/are” ，例如：
There are 3 pairs of shoes in the locker.
everyday vs every day
呢兩個字看似一樣，但係佢地嘅用法實際上係有少少分別嘅；”everyday” 係一個adjective，用嚟形容一啲每日都會發生嘅事，
例如：
Exercise should be a part of your everyday life.
(everyday = daily)
而 “every day” 就係一個 adverb ，every 反可以跟 “time”, “minute” 等，只係加上 “day” 後令同學更混淆。例如：
I exercise every day.
如果喺要用 “everyday” 嘅地方用錯 “every day” ，或者相反，就會錯 grammar 啦，同學要小心留意。
*上堂會教你獨家口訣，到時上堂教你😊
lack(n) of vs lack(v)
另一個最常犯嘅 grammar 錯誤就係 “lack”了。要寫「缺乏」嘅時候，你係咪就咁寫 “lack” 就算數？冇錯，當呢個字係動詞用嘅時候就係啱嘅。但若果係當名詞用，後面必須要加上 “of sth” (某事物的短缺)，例如：
She lacks confidence.
The lack of money has become a bigger problem than expected.
Passive Voice 用法
Passive voice 裡的動詞必要轉換
若果同學用 passive voice 嘅時候漏咗冇轉動詞嘅時態，就會有 grammar 錯誤，例如：
The floor is mop by me. (x)
祇是：
The floor is mopped by me. (v)
Tenses 問題
Past participle 而非 simple past
同學平時接觸到嘅英文詞多數都係 “ed” 尾，可能就會俾到個錯嘅印象俾同學，以為係simple past tense，但應該係past participle (PP) 先啱。例如：
The pencil was took by Peter. (x)
應是：
The pencil was taken by Peter (v)
*大家要重溫少用的pp形態，例如 (seek – sought -sought / sweep – swept – swept / deal – dealt – dealt 等)
*上堂同你分享10大伏位
唔用得 Passive voice 嘅情況
有啲情境係唔可以亂咁加上 passive voice嘅，因為並唔係所有英文句子都由 SVO 構成，有啲唔會有 O，側如：
She was gone out. (x)
應是：
She went out. (v)
仲有start/finish等字都不可以用被動 (一般而言)
我和XXX…
要寫包括自己在內嘅一群人時，大家又會點寫呢？例如「我和我的家人」，係 “Me and my family”，抑或 “My family and I” 先啱呢？正確答案應該係後者： “My family and I”。但相信有人都聽過第一個講法，尤其喺外國人口中。 “Me and xxx” 雖然喺文法上錯誤，但大部分人都會因為順口而講咗呢個版本，若書面寫出嚟係會扣分的。
There vs. They’re vs. Their
呢三個詞嘅讀音完全一樣，唔少人都無辦法分清楚咩時候用邊個。雖然聽起嚟一樣，但係佢地嘅意思就絕對唔一樣。 “There” 嘅意思係「那裡」， “They’re” 係 “They are” 嘅縮寫，而 “Their” 就係解「他們的」。以意思嚟記住，就唔怕會用錯啦。
It’s vs. Its
呢兩個詞語比起 “there/they’re/their” 嘅混淆程度更加高，一個唔小心就會用錯咗，而且亦都好容易會記錯。同學可以記住有單引號嘅就係縮寫， it’s -> it is。
Grammar 用法
3 大必學Phrasal Verbs
ask sb out
ask同out砌埋，就會變成約某人出街，例如：
He asked her out last Sunday.
上個星期日他約了她出街。
come across sth
come同across砌埋，意思就係發現、碰見。例如：
He came across some old keychains on his desk.
他在抽屜裡發現了一些舊鑰匙圈。
put up with sth/sb
呢個phrasal verb嘅意思可以講同put或up冇任何關聯，分開寫有唔同嘅意思，但組合埋就解「忍受、容忍」。例如：
I don’t know how you put up with such horrible living conditions.
真不知道你是怎麼忍受這麼惡劣的生活環境的。
gerund 定 infinitive?
gerund 可以作為 subject (動名詞)
I like cycling. 我喜歡踩單車這項活動。
I like to cycle. 我喜歡去踩單車。
轉做主語
(To cycle?) Cycling is my hobby.
踩單車是我的興趣。
*記得不少朋友經常寫成
“Cycle is my hobby”
介詞後應接 gerund
介詞即 “in, at, on, of, about, for” 等。例如：
He is interested in joining the art club.
He is thinking about doing skydiving next.
形容詞後應接to- infinitive
She is talented enough to get recruited.
This jewellery is too expensive to buy for a lot of people.
改善grammar兩大方法
Writing 中"所以" 文法句式
“所以”係除左”因為”外最常見嘅連接詞 / 句式，除左Therefore/So…? 想唔想知點樣用更多嘅句式嚟講「所以」？以下有三個句式俾大家參考吓。
That being the case
He does not have real knowledge. That being the case, he cannot make a wise decision.
他沒有真正的智慧，所以不能作出明智的決定。
Thus/Hence
She always throws tantrums at people around her. Thus, he has not many friends.
她常常向身邊的人發脾氣，所以沒有多少朋。
Accordingly
Costs are soaring. Accordingly, the product goes up in price.
因為成本正在上漲，所以產品價格也上升了。
*當然每個字都有不同的用法，大家要特別小心的
5** 狀元秘密 作文必用句式
…is the lesser of two evils
平時你只會講：
- Both presidential candidates have had a bad reputation, so I voted for the one that is not as bad as the other one.
其實5**狀元會寫：
- The trolley problem is a well-known example of how most people would opt for the lesser of two evils.
irreversible damage 不可逆的傷害
平時你只會講：
- The damage is extremely serious.
其實5**狀元會寫：
- Using fossil fuels has made irreversible damage to the atmosphere.
hinge on (sth) 取決於(某物)
平時你只會講：
- Success depends on work ethics.
其實5**狀元會寫：
- Whether or not he will study abroad in England hinges on his parents’ opinion.
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