August 25, 2021

Spencer Lam

Spencer Lam

英文補習名師，港大一級榮譽，多年英文補習經驗，歷年來曾教授超過1000名學生，學生遍及各大名校，由初中至成人英語皆可因材施教，獲《TVB》、《Now TV》、《經濟一週》、《晴報》、《親子王》、《經濟日報》等專訪
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【 IELTS 9分 】 9種詞語配搭 + 必學句式

今次我想同大家討論  IELTS 9分 必學嘅 詞語配搭 同 句式。如果同學想在 IELTS 考試奪得 9分 高分，同學必須要知道如何準備 IELTS 讀寫聽說嘅詞彙及配搭 ，才可以取得 9分 理想成績。 產生影響(effect) effect (影響) 1.      bring (產生) 2.      generate    (產生) 3.      underestimate (低估) 4.      minimize (減到最低) 5.      mitigate   (減輕) 6.      come into   (生效) 7.      disregard     (漠視) 8.      maximize (極大化) 1.      immense (巨大) 2.      profound (巨大) 3.      positive (正面) 4.      immediate (即時) 5.      far-reaching     (深遠) 6.      lasting (持續的) 7.      deterrent  (阻嚇) 8.      ripple (擴散的) 9.      obvious (明顯) 10.   negative (負面) 11.   severe (嚴重) 12.   disastrous  (災難性) 13.   domino (骨牌) 14.   chained (連鎖) 15.   negligible          (微不足道)     effects Example: The humiliating defeat in the Second World War brought immense effects to the mindset of the Japanese. Example: The far-reaching effects of the mother-tongue policy cannot be estimated. education (教育) 1.      provide (提供) 2.      get / receive (接受) 3.      complete (完成) 1.      compulsory (強制的) / free  (免費的) 2.      higher / tertiary / university (大學的) secondary (中學的)/ primary (小學的) 3.         professional / vocational (職業的) 4.         special (特殊的) 5.         health / physical (健康的) 6.         sex (性) 7.         general / liberal (通識)           education Example: Since the 1970s, the government has provided compulsory education for primary and secondary school students. Example: Through receiving university education, we can enhance our all-round development. difference (不同) 1.      make (創造) 2.      exaggerate (誇大) 3.      tell (分辨) 4.      emphasize (強調) 1.      enormous     (巨大的) 2.      significant    (重大的) 3.      marked (明顯) 4.      obvious (明顯) 5.      fundamental (本質上)     difference Example: Though many students are not intelligent, they can make a difference by working hard. Example: Even a child can easily tell the significant difference between a deer and a horse. difficulty (困難) 1.      cause (造成) 2.      face (面對) 3.      encounter (面對) 4.      experience (經歷) 5.      is engulfed in (陷入) 6.      tackle (處理) 7.      overcome (克服) 8.      endure (忍受) 1.      great /serious (嚴重) 2.      immense (巨大) 3.      insurmountable (不能克服的) 4.      economic / financial (經濟) difficulty (ies) Example: Language barriers have caused great difficulties to the ethnic minorities in Hong Kong. Example: Although Kobe Bryant faced serious difficulties in his recovery process, he remained upbeat and determined. development (發展) 1.      facilitate (促進) 2.      promote (促進) 3.      foster(促進) 4.      enhance (提升) 5.      stimulate (刺激) 6.      accelerate (加速) 1.      gradual 2.      rapid 3.      economic 4.      all-round   development Example: Preserving cultural heritage facilitates the development of tourism. Example: Participation in extra-curricular activities can promote the all-round development of adolescents. 接下來仲會有更多詞語配搭嘅常用例子同例句😉 concern (關注) 1.      arouse (引起) 2.      raise (引起) 3.      express (表達) 4.      air (表達) 5.      voice (表達) 6.      There has been (一直有) 1.      major (重要) 2.      deep (深切) 3.      serious (嚴重) 4.      growing (增長的) 5.      public (公眾) 6.      international (國際) concern Example: The recent suicides of primary and secondary school students have aroused deep concern about the mental health of our next generation. Example: I am writing to voice my serious concern about the animal abuse problem. Example: There has been growing concern about the supply of milk powder during the Christmas and Lunar New Year holidays. chance

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Spencer Lam

【 DSE Writing 】 5**作文必用句式 + 小技巧

DSE Writing 英文寫作卷一向都令唔少同學非常頭痛。除咗難短時間內突破性進步之外，網上亦都流傳好多 DSE Writing 嘅實用文格式，但就缺少Advanced嘅句式同小技巧。 小技巧1: “因為”的6個英文句式 “因為”是寫作時最常用到的連接詞，但除了 because / because of / as… 還有什麼可用? by reason of He retired by reason of his age. as a result of Many people died as a result of wound infections. thanks to He learned something new thanks to his extraordinary research. That being the case He does not have real knowledge. That being the case, he cannot make a wise decision. 他沒有真正的智慧，所以不能作出明智的決定。 Thus/Hence She always throws tantrums at people around her. Thus, he has not many friends. 她常常向身邊的人發脾氣，所以沒有多少朋友。 Accordingly Costs are soaring. Accordingly, the product goes up in price. 因為成本正在上漲，所以產品價格也上升了。   *當然每個字都有不同的用法，大家要特別小心的 小技巧2 : 善用標點 引號 quotation mark 「“」「‘」 引號有分兩種，分別係雙引號「”」以及單引號「’」。雙引號嘅使用較為容易區分，用於引述某人所講嘅說話，例如： Peter said, “It is sunny today.” 單引號則多數用於強調語氣嘅時候，即作者想強調句子中嘅某一個字，例如： This flower market sells the ‘freshest’ flowers. (帶有反話語氣) 分號 semicolon 「;」 分號嘅定位介乎於句號以及逗號之間，當一個句子已經完結，但下一句仍然同上一句有些少關係，呢個時候就可以用分號嚟分開兩個句子。例如： Chris has 2 friends in Japan; 3 friends in Korea; 4 friends in Taiwan. 連字號 hyphen 「-」 連字號用於將兩個獨立嘅詞語連接埋一齊，組成一個複合詞。例如： well & known -> well-known 5** 狀元 Writing 必用句式 …has a profound influence on… ……對……有著深遠的影響 平時你只會講：  Using coal has a negative effect on the environment. 其實5**狀元會寫： The overreliance on electricity has a profound influence on global warming. 對電力的過度依賴，對全球變暖產生深遠的影響。 …on the verge of… ……在……的邊緣 平時你只會講： The continuous bad luck is nearly driving him mad. 其實5**狀元會寫： The Japanese were on the verge of collapsing when the Americans dropped the first atomic bomb. 當美國人投下第一顆原子彈時，日本人處於崩潰的邊緣。 throw (somebody) under the bus 為了保護自己的利益而出賣別人 平時你只會講： My best friend Peter betrayed me and took advantage of it. 其實5**狀元會寫： Our friendship ended when Peter threw me under the bus in front of my boss just to land himself a promotion. …caught in the crossfire… …陷入了困境…… 平時你只會講： The ones that are stuck between two people arguing always have to mediate. 其實5**狀元會寫： It is never an easy recovery for children caught in the crossfire of a pair of dramatic parents. 對於陷入一對戲劇性父母的困境中的孩子來說，康復絕非易事。 這事件是認真的… 平時你只會講：This problem is very serious. 其實5**狀元會寫：名詞 is no laughing matter. This is no laughing matter, as tens of thousands of people paid their lives to warn us of the severity of it. 這可不是鬧著玩的，因為成千上萬的人付出了生命的代價來警告我們它的嚴重性。 只能 only 平時你只會講： He can only make the birthday party so good as time is running out. 其實5**狀元會寫：…have no alternatives but to… ……別無選擇，只能…… As the fire spreads, the crew has no alternative but to bail out of the building. 隨著火勢蔓延，工作人員別無選擇，只能從建築物中逃生。 為了 (目的) 平時你只會講： I rushed down the road I get to my friend’s wedding on time. 其實5**狀元會寫： …in the hope of… I rushed down the road in the hope of making it to the church on time. 我衝上馬路，希望能準時到達教堂。   其他解作 “為了”的英文: 你亦可以用: with a view to in an attempt to in a bid to ……說明… 平時你只會講： The professor explained the difficulties that students had. 其實5**狀元會寫：…shed light on… ……說明… The TV station invited an anthropology expert to help shed some light on their new documentary program. 電視台邀請了一位人類學專家來幫助理解他們的新紀錄片節目。 表達感受 如果想表達 緊張氣氛 可以如何用英文表達?  平時同學會寫:I felt nervous. I was worried.   5**同學會寫: 1. I always feel a tinge of nervousness2. My heart was beating fast. 3. He suffocated me and I was about to die.  1.我總是感到緊張2.我的心在跳動。3. 他令我窒息，我快要死了。 反駁句 平時同學會寫:This may be true. But their claims are ridiculous. In fact, these are not

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Spencer Lam

【 IELTS 小技巧 】3卷小技巧 + 必學句式

有冇咩 IELTS 小技巧 令你喺考嘅時候得心應手? 有更好表現？ 不時學習更多既句式，就可以用更多唔同既形式表達意思； 今日就等Spencer Sir帶比大家 IELTS 3 卷(Reading, Writing, Listening)不同嘅技巧同必學嘅句式 IELTS Listening 3大伏位 如果同學仔唔想到時考 listening 嘅時候中伏，就要繼續睇埋落去，睇埋以下三大 listening 中伏位。 快速mark低重點 listening 時不宜逐隻逐隻字咁抄落去筆記，能最快咁mark低先係最重要，同學可以善用 short form，如：Hong Kong -> HK 說話者口音 由於IELTS係英國嘅考試，因此說話者多數都會有英國口音。同學聽到英國口音千奇唔好嚇窒，可以喺平日聽多啲英國口音係點樣嘅。 Cambridge Dictionary設有英國同埋美國發音 *Google 最近新出可教你發音的工具 利用check答案嘅時間睇題目 每段錄音之間都會有緩衝時間俾同學檢查答案，快快檢查完之後，同學仔就要預先望之後段落嘅題目。 IELTS Reading 小技巧 考完 listening 過後，緊接嘅就係 reading 了。 集中睇 每段的頭尾句 尋找文章裡每一段落嘅中心句，協助理解成篇文章嘅中心思想。因為閱讀卷主要係考核考生對文章嘅理解程度，所以能夠快速讀完文章並準確回答問題對考生嚟講就十分重要了。 當然，Spencer Sir 課堂會教大家獨家的T.E.D.S公式，集中教你睇重點，有4大方法教你 快50%找到重點 熟悉閱讀卷9大題型 所謂知己知彼，單單溫好書只係準備好考試嘅第一步，同學亦都應該熟習到時考試會出現嘅題型，咁就算見到困難嘅題目都冇咁驚青。以下有9種 IELTS 閱讀卷常出現嘅題目。 配對題、填空題、是 / 非 / 無答案題、單選題、多選題、填充題、標題對應題、簡答題、填圖填表題 IELTS Writing 小技巧 Writing 卷從來都係香港人嘅弱項，以往表現最差都係呢份卷。 瘋狂轉字放題 寫作卷裡經常發生要重覆提及題目中關鍵字眼嘅情況，呢個時候最好避免反覆同一個字眼太多次，否則好容易令人感覺沉悶、麻木。如果無法避免提及題目字眼，可以用詞義近似甚或相同嘅字眼取代。例如： “Accumulator vehicles (electric cars) are often depicted as highly ecologically favourable (environmentally friendly) by the media.” 多運用連接詞 IELTS 作文卷的字數限制不多，Task 1 要求達到150字，Task 2則要求達到250字。同學們宜善用連接詞，將文章的前文後理銜接起來，盡量讓文章讀起來時不會太突兀，像是強行將單個句子放到一起一樣。例如剛表達完第一個idea，可以這樣寫： Of equal importance … It is noteworthy … Equally worth noting is that… “Of equal importance is the chronic overpopulation in Kwun Tong’ traffic.” IELTS 必學句式 當遇上一些關於正反雙方立論的題目時，可以試用以下句式作引言： there is a hot/heated debate over… 有關於……的激烈辯論 e.g. “There is a hot debate over raising the income taxation.” 2. 除了’in conclusion’, ‘finally’這些入門級的結語之外，同學們可以用以下的詞作替代： to summarize… / in a nutshell… / All in all… e.g. “In a nutshell, the advantages that come with replacing PE classes outnumber that of keeping them.” 3. 同學們在論述反方意見時，可以用以下句式： However, it is also noteworthy that… e.g. “However, it is also noteworthy that having pets could pose as a potential threat to one’s newborn.” 如果大家有什麼英文問題，如Spencer Lam, 好唔好咁樣學英文呀? 或者IELTS考試，成人英文/商業英文的知識及英文資源，歡迎你可以隨時再跟我多交流一下，可以Follow 「Spencer Lam English Team」 Facebook page同IG得到更多英文資訊，亦都可以上 https://spencerlam.hk/ 了解更多!

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Spencer Lam

Grammar 4種錯誤+ Grammar Check 工具

相信很多同學都想學好英文，但是又不知從何入手。學好英文的第一步，是要掌握好 英文 Grammar ，但其千變萬化相信很多同學不知道從何入手。今天將帶給大家4種 Grammar 常犯錯誤。 who / whom / whose分別? 描述人物或語境時，好多時都要用到”who”等連接詞，更仔細咁形容人物細節特徵。若同學冇分清楚”who”、”whom”、”whose”嘅分別，用錯咗就尷尬啦。 who “who”可以在你想將兩句主語一樣嘅句子駁埋一齊嘅時候用，例如： 句1. The girl is playing on the swing. 句2. The girl is my cousin. 進化為: The girl playing on the swing is my cousin. whom “whom”比其他兩個較唔普遍，都係用嚟連接兩個主語一樣嘅句子，但第二句嘅主語會喺SVO裡嘅O上，例如： 句1 Cardi B is a singer. 句2 People criticized Cardi B for a long time. 進化為: Cardi B is a singer whom people have criticized for a long time. whose “whose”嘅用法就好似”he/his”，”he” -> ”who”，”his”  -> “whose”，例如： Bruce Wayne is a billionaire. Bruce Wayne’s parents died when he was a child. 轉為 Bruce Wayne is a billionaire whose parents died when he was a child. 倒裝句 No sooner 倒裝句係其中一個最容易搞錯grammar嘅句式，一個唔小心就會有所失誤。 重點1. No sooner 嘅意思其實同 as soon as 差唔多，兩者都係用以形容兩件同時間發生嘅事。 重點2. 只不過用 no sooner 嘅時候要更加小心，因為用 no sooner 連接兩樣事情時，要加返 “than” 喺中間 (留意係 “than” ，唔好用錯 “then” )。 例如： No sooner had the teacher walked into the classroom than the students stopped talking. 重點3. 另外，運用倒裝句時嘅另一項鐵則，動詞係需要調位去主語前面，漏咗主語動詞調位嘅倒裝句就唔係真正嘅倒裝句了。例如： No sooner I had got to my destination than it started raining. (x) 應是： No sooner had I got to my destination than it started raining. (v) Reported Speech 3大重點 你有否試過想轉述人地講過嘅說話，但唔知點落手好？由direct speech轉做reported speech都有特定嘅技巧架，今日就嚟數三大reported speech嘅錯誤。 古惑的人稱 好多人轉speech嘅時候，會只集中喺句子內容上，諗點樣先可以完整咁轉好個句子，結果卻搞錯咗最開首嘅人物稱謂，例如： I told Peter, “we’ll meet up at noon.” to I told Peter that we would meet up at noon. (x) 應是： He told Peter that they would meet up at noon. (v) 搞不清楚現在或過去 (present tense vs. past tense) 同學大多數接觸到嘅 reported speech 都係過去式，因此就會亂咗，以為遇到 reported speech 都係轉做過去式就夠。但其實 reported speech 亦有唔使轉 tense 嘅時候，當語境發生喺現在時，見到動詞用 present tense 嘅就唔使轉換。 e.g. The lion says, “I am the king of the animals.” to The lion said he was the king of the animals. (x) 應是： The lion says he is the king of the animals. (v) 疑問句錯誤 普通陳述句就見得多啦，咁遇到疑問句又應該點算先好呢？，同學仔可以睇吓以下嘅例子。 e.g. My friend said to me yesterday, “Which one is your preferred color? Red or blue?” 改變為 My friend asked me yesterday whether/if I preferred red or blue. 最易錯的a/an/the 這個課題最初級但亦都最容易錯嘅當然要數a/an/the。但下面有3大易錯位 易錯位1. Many a student is good. 原來是對的! Many a student is good= Many students are good 易錯位2. a/an UFO 原來用 a UFO 因為要在乎本身的發音 There is a UFO – 因為決定用a/an 是睇a/e/i/o/u的發音，而不是 單單睇佢的咬字 其他例子: A university  (x an university) Grammar Check 工具 要掌握英文語法規則並唔係一朝一夕可以達成嘅事。呢三個免費學 grammar 嘅工具絕對可以令你事半功倍。 Grammar Practice Park 呢個係一個以不同小遊戲幫助大家培養語法技巧同埋興趣嘅網站，用嚟學習語法概念十分有用。 課題包括: Nouns Pronouns Verbs Past and Future Tense Plural Spellings Prepositions Grammar Man Comic 呢個網站將學習語法嘅內容以漫畫形式呈現出嚟，令學習者可以好似讀漫畫書咁學習文法。 BBC Bitesize BBC Bitesize係由英國廣播公司BBC設立，旨在幫助小朋友透過有趣嘅教材輕鬆咁學習語法 如果大家有什麼英文問題，如Spencer Lam, 好唔好咁樣學英文呀? 或者IELTS考試，成人英文/商業英文的知識及英文資源，歡迎你可以隨時再跟我多交流一下，可以Follow 「Spencer Lam English Team」 Facebook page同IG得到更多英文資訊，亦都可以上 https://spencerlam.hk/ 了解更多!

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Spencer Lam

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