DSE English SBA 2023
DSE English SBA即校本評核佔分比重喺2023年，都會照舊，佔全科嘅15%。不過，
說話能力考核將由 2 個減至 1 個。
English SBA Part A
- Print fiction 小說
- Print non-fiction 非小說
- Non-print fiction 電影/ 電視劇
- Non-print non-fiction 紀錄片
學校通常就會喺同學中四開始，喺呢四類指定課外課物中，指定其中一類讀物。喺同學睇完讀物之後，同學做好左English SBA part A嘅最前置準備喇。
SBA part A要求同學喺中五或者中六針對指定讀物做Individual Presentation或者Group Interaction，視學校嘅指引而定。如果係Group Interaction就會維持喺10 – 12分鐘(視乎每組人數而定)，Individual Presentation會維持喺3 – 5分鐘 (可以超過 5 分鐘)，都係視學校同老師嘅指引作準。
當中老師會列出幾條指引題/ 處境 (prompts/ situations) 比同學選擇，然後同學需要就題目加入讀物嘅內容、思想、自己嘅感想等等去發表意見或論述。
例子:
中心思想 (Main Idea/ Theme)：
作者用咩手法 / 事件去呈現本書嘅中心思想 / 中心思想係咩？
人物特色 (Characterization)
作者點解要用咁大篇幅去刻劃呢個配角 / 人物嘅性格點樣影響到推動劇情? / 人物嘅性格點樣貼合主題
立場題：
你同唔同意主角嘅所作所為 / 評論某人物嘅行動對社會有咩影響
Tips
SBA考嘅係英文嘅流暢度同Presentation Skills，建議盡量背稿 /唔睇稿，一來稿係唔計分嘅，二來睇稿可能會令到自己嘅presentation變得唔自然。所以最好就擺多D時間練present同背稿，盡量令到自己嘅presentation流暢同自然。
Group interection 技巧
小組討論萬用句式
1. First sentence(s)
Attention Grabber
Good morning / afternoon / evening
Hello all, let’s get started / dive in 開始 / kickstart 開始 things / get the ball rolling 開始
Rest of the sentence / follow-up
Today, we’re here to discuss / look into / delve into / probe into 探究 / have a closer look at / investigate …
The aim of today’s discussion is to discuss / look into /etc.
What we’re going to be discussing / talking about today is…
2. Transition
First of all / First off / To begin with / To start with + let’s first talk about…
Reasons
uncover 揭露 / unearth 發掘 / unveil 揭露 / reveal 揭露 / highlight / cover the reasons / underlying causes / root causes / culprits 罪犯 behind / of …
Problems
list out / name / walk through / brainstorm / identify / pinpoint 查明 some common problems / issues associated with …
Advantages and Disadvantages
name / brainstorm / cover a couple of advantages / disadvantages (pros and cons / upsides and downsides) behind …
Suggestions / Methods / Ways
come up with / go through / bring up some suggestions / ways / tips and hacks / solutions / measures to improve / solve / tackle 處理 / deal with / eradicate 根除…
3. Topic Sentence
Reasons
… is likely to be caused by / to be rooted in / to be the outcome of / to be a consequence of / to be the by-product / derivative 衍生物 of
… is likely to cause / lead to / contribute to / constitute 構成 / instigate 指示/策動 / prompt / trigger / fuel / incentivize 給..動力 ….
Problems
The first / primary problem we might experience / run into / encounter / face / confront 遇上 is …
The issue that will naturally pop up 出現 / crop up 突然出現 / present itself / occur / appear / emerge / arise is …
Advantages and Disadvantages
The main advantage / disadvantage associated with …. is
The upside / downside of … is …
The positive / desirable / beneficial side of … boils down to 歸結為 its … (n).
The negative / undesirable / harmful / detrimental 不利的 side of … boils down to 歸結為 its … (n)
To put it simply, the advantage / disadvantage of … is …
Objectively speaking, the main advantage offered by … is …
Suggestions / Methods / Ways –
I would suggest / propose / recommend having / carrying out …
It would be wise / constructive 有建設性 to…
Having … will be a great / natural first step
The most prudent 謹慎 thing to do would be to …
As far as our next steps are concerned, I would recommend …
4. Elaboration (Impact, underlying causes, reason, details)
To better understand / comprehend the problem / issue
To understand / demystify 揭開神秘面紗 / clarify 澄清 / shed light on 闡明
What I mean / refer to / want to illustrate is
To further illustrate / support / elaborate on / explain my point / argument
In order to deepen our awareness / knowledge / understanding / comprehension of the problem / issue…
5. Example
Imagine if + example / case study / assumption … (bring out your point / bring out a question)
According to my own experience / recent research studies / statistics / recent findings
This can be achieved / done / conducted / accomplished / executed 執行 / carried out by …
If we turn our attention to + example / case study
I remember that in the past + anecdotal 軼事 example
6. Mini Summary (Optional)
Hence, it is crystal clear / undeniable / certain / reasonable / obvious / apparent / uncontestable 無可爭辯 / irrefutable that
Thus, it can be concluded / summarized / generalized 廣義推斷的 / assumed / supposed / contended / reasonably hypothesised 假設 that
Therefore / Hence / Thus / In short / Consequently that is why ….
7. 拋波
What is your thought on this?
What do you think?
Any thoughts on this?
Does this sound legit / reasonable / valid / logical (adj 合理的)?
Happy to hear any thoughts on this.
How does this sound?
Any questions?
Is everyone in agreement?
8. Quick Respond
Absolutely.
Certainly.
For sure.
That’s true.
That sounds like a great plan.
Definitely.
Undoubtedly.
Sounds good.
No doubt. 沒問題
Perfect.
Yes, your point is spot on (adj 準確的).
9. Rephrase
As candidate X has mentioned / already said / reiterated 重申 / confirmed / proposed / covered before
As you just said / mentioned / reiterated 重申 / confirmed / proposed that…
I would like to cite what you (candidate X) have just mentioned / covered / said / confirmed / proposed that
Aside from / apart form / in addition to / other than …
I think that the point about … raised by Candidate X is ….
10. Give stance (agree / disagree)
Positive
Agreeing on an idea / stance (are the below ok? Specific to a stance or idea)?
That sounds like a/an interesting / reasonable / great / workable 可行的 / feasible idea / suggestion / plan.
I’ll go along with 贊同 you on that.
I can’t see any problems with that
I’m happy to support you with that plan / course of action
I couldn’t have put it better myself.
Agreeing on reasons / factors (let’s say student A mention the factors why obesity is so common and it makes sense)
Those all seem like plausible reasons, yes
I think you’ve understood the problem well
All the factors that you mentioned seem logical to me
Other ways to express agreement
We’re on the same page in terms of X
I can’t fault anything you’ve said
We’re of the same mind when it comes to X
We’re of the same mind when it comes to X
Yes we are on the same wavelength 觀點相投
We see eye to eye on X
Negative
Disagreeing with stance / idea (are the below ok? Specific to a stance or idea)?
It’s true that … yet
I’m afraid that it doesn’t sound right to me.
I have some reservations 有保留 / doubt / skepticism 懷疑 about
I see things differently when it comes to X
I have another perspective / angle / way to look at it.
I don’t think you’ve taken everything into account.
Disagreeing with reasons / factors (student A mention the reasons behind obesity but it feels like not so accurate)
I’m not sure that the factors you mentioned are actually connected
I don’t the think evidence backs up your reasoning
I’d dispute the accuracy of some of your claims
11. Ask for clarifications
I’m sorry but could you explain / elaborate 拓展 on your point/what you’ve just said?
I’m not sure about what you mean, can you say / repeat that again?
I’m sorry, do you mean …?
Have I understood you correctly? Is what you’re saying this: + paraphrase 改寫/重新敘述 of point?
Just to clarify, what you’re proposing is …?
Could you quickly clear up one small point for me?
Excuse me, what exactly do you mean by … ?
12. Move on
It’s also important/essential/vital/crucial for us to talk about…
It seems like we’ve covered the main points of …, shall we move on and cover…?
We’ve quickly talked about several …, shall we move on to the next issue/topic?
Time is running short, let’s talk about/discuss… as well, shall we?
I’m conscious of the time, let’s also cover the topic about …. shall we?
Time is of essence 重要, so let’s now move to discuss …
If we’re all happy with what has been discussed so far, let’s shift our focus 轉移重點 to …
Let’s not forget that … is not the only problem, so how about we now talk about …?
13. Ask for consensus
Does everyone agree that we should / ought to …?
Is everyone supportive of / in favor of / agreeable to 同意 …?
Does anyone have reservations 保留 about the impacts/ideas/suggestions/points that we’ve covered? If not, then I will assume we will go along with that.
Do we have a consensus 共識 on this?
Are we all happy with what has been discussed so far?
14. Conclude
Intend to conclude
Let’s try to summarize what we have covered / talked about / touched on.
Let’s wrap up 收結 our discussion quickly.
Our time is almost up so let’s draw things to a close
Now is probably a good point to wrap up 結束/總結 this discussion
Let’s bring things to a conclusion by quickly going over the main points of the discussion.
Summarize
I think we all agree / disagree that…
I believe we’ve covered the main benefits / drawbacks / advantages / disadvantages / opportunities / threats / reasons of…
The main points / issues / arguments that emerged were …
In terms of moving forward, we’ve decided that the next steps should be …
15. Positive Wish / Hope
I am certain / positive / hopeful that … (SVO)
I hope …. in the foreseeable future / in the near future / in the not-too-distant 不太遠 future.
With more …, we can only expect nothing but improvement / enhancement / betterment 改善 of…
I have every confidence that …
Rephrase技巧
Type 1: Summarize nature (problems / pros and cons / factors / suggestions / explanation) + comment 綜合性質 + 個人評價
Example 1
Student 1 Government incompetence is the main reason why home prices are increasing.
Student 2 I find it possible that government inefficiency has contributed to sharp increases in real estate prices.
Example 2
Student 1 I believe that students can broaden their perspectives by participating in charity activities outside of Hong Kong.
Student 2 Absolutely, I believe you have made a great point when you point out that students can benefit from participating in foreign charity work.
Example 3
Student 1 Some poor families can’t afford the costs associated with overseas trips…
Student 2 You’ve hit the nail on the head when you said that some families will find it difficult to pay for overseas trips.
Type 2: Use same form but go for synonyms 善用同義字
Example 1
Student 1 The increase in traffic congestion for cars could result from adding more cycle lanes.
Student 2 Apart from the negative effects of expanding our cycling network, (which may result in worsening city traffic),….
Example 2
Student 1 The financial burdens placed on the rich and the poor would differ.
Student 2n addition to the differences in financial difficulties experienced by the rich and the poor,…
Example 3
Student 1 We have to maintain a good balance between working and personal life..
Student 2 I believe that it’s important for us to prioritize neither our career nor our leisure time over the other, yet occasionally…
Type 3: Change of form (verb / adj / noun / adv) 轉詞性
Example 1
Student 1 The new plan will motivate staff to perform tasks more quickly and effectively.
Student 2 Apart from stimulating efficiency and productivity, the new plan can also (add your own points)
Example 2
Student 1 It would be risky for the girls to travel alone.
Student 2 Alongside the risks involved in traveling on their own, (add your own points)
Example 3
Student 1 It’s unrealistic to anticipate significant donations from the students..
Student 2 Sure. Realistically speaking, the students are unlikely to be able to make a sizeable donation, (add your own points)
Interruption formula
- Agreement
- This is a valid point
- What you’ve said so far is intriguing.
- I believe you’ve made a crucial point there.
- I concur with what has been discussed.
- I have no objection to that point.
2. Disagreement
- This seems sensible, however, I have a different perspective.
- I have to admit, I’m not sure if I agree with you on this.
- Although I can understand why you have such a point of view, I believe you’re missing the main point.
- I have reservation on the point you made.
3. Sorry
- Apologies for interrupting
- Sorry for interrupting
- I don’t mean to stop you, but
- I apologize for the interruption.
- If I can just cut in here, sorry
- Sorry, would you mind if I just briefly interject with something?
4. Add new ideas
- Yes, I do have a concrete point to add .
- To supplement 補充 your point, I wish to ….
- Thinking about what’s just been said, I’d like to share a fascinating story of mine.
- Just to push that argument a little further, I might add that ….
- I’ve noticed that X hasn’t been mentioned yet, and I think that it is crucial to do so
5. Open new topic/End topic
- I’m concerned about the time, shall we move on now?
- As I’m aware of time, shall we move on?
- As time is running short, shall we move on?
- We don’t have much time left, so let’s quickly discuss the last point.
- The clock’s against us 爭分奪秒, so let’s wrap things up
- We’re almost out of time, so let’s quickly discuss the final point and then conclude
English SBA Part B
English 嘅Elective Modules:
Learning English Through
- Poems and Songs
- Short Stories
- Drama
- Popular Culture
- Debating
- Social Issues
- Sports Communication
- Workplace Communication
每間學校指引有唔同，大部份學校喺一年都會教一至兩個module(s)。同part A一樣，根據學校嘅指引，part B都會安排喺中五下學期或中六舉行，唔同嘅係，SBA part B成個過程都會被錄影，壓力可能比較大，所以大家最好做D心理準備，令自己到唔會太緊張。Part B嘅考試形式同part A一樣，都係Individual Presentation或者Group Interaction，但係就可以帶一張唔會計分嘅Cue Card，作為Present時嘅輔助。而題目就係由老師揀以上嘅Modules一個或多個。
SBA film and book 推薦
雖然話有D學校會為學生揀讀物，但係Spencer Sir都為嗰D要自己揀書或者揀電影做SBA推薦左幾本書，而推薦嘅大多都有出書同電影，唔洗再煩惱諗睇咩書或電影。
Non-fictions
In Order To Live
中心思想: 自由嘅代價、不屈不撓嘅品格等
脫北者Yeonmi Park嘅人生充滿左逃亡、求生，離開北韓後，原本以為會有更好嘅人生，但係就中國人口販子手中兩年，之後主角又要點樣逃亡，搵到屬於自己嘅人生呢?主角嘅經歷證明左人類精神嘅不屈不撓同追求自由嘅強烈決心。
Winter On Fire: Ukraine’s Fight For Freedom
中心思想: 探討公民意識、集會自由、警暴等議題
2015由Netflix攝錄嘅一套紀錄片，訪問參與過2013年至2014年冬季爆發的親歐盟示威運動(烏克蘭革命)嘅群眾、記者同軍人。記述抗爭細節嘅導火線、發展同國際迴響，非常值得觀看。
Fiction
The Fault in Our Stars
中心思想: 生命嘅意義、面對逆境嘅態度、珍惜生命等等。
同為身患癌症嘅男女主角，女主角Hazel一早就對生命失去希望，而男主角Gus就對生命充滿自信同樂觀。故事就喺佢地互相認識下發生，為佢哋嘅生活帶嚟重大轉變，並擦出愛情嘅火花。
SBA Presentation 技巧
Individual Presentation
- 自然同要有Eye Contact: 上面都提過，盡量要背稿 / 唔睇稿，但係就算背好哂都唔好一字不漏咁背曬出嚟，盡量保持住自然同人講野嘅feeling。加上Present時要保持Eye Contact，比人一種你同緊佢講野嘅feel，Communication Strategies分數先會高。
- 扣題: 做SBA最緊要嘅係Relevance同Coherence，當然仲有present得自唔自然喇。而唔係越多Points越好。所以重點係contact之間要有connection，同時又可以幫你解釋自己嘅觀點。同題目無關嘅細節就唔洗講喇。
Group Interaction
- 唔好鬧交，保持風度: 係人哋搶野黎講唔好嬲，保持風度。亦都唔好爭住或者壟斷發言。亦都可以邀請同學回應你自己嘅提出問題，保持良好嘅討論氣氛
- Keep住討論節奏: 大家都無咩嘢講嗰陣幫手過渡到下一個重點。如果可以嘅話，喺落下一個重點前就Summarize下組員們嘅重點。
SBA script 滿分sample
Question
You are the class teacher of a group of students. Some of the parents think that their children should not spend time watching movies. You are going to meet them on parent’s day. Introduce them a film that you’ve recently watched and tell them what things their kids can learn from the movie.
Answer
Good morning parents of class 6D, welcome to attend our school’s parent’s day. I’m your class teacher Mr Tsang. Thank you for taking time out of your busy schedules to join us today. Before I start my sharing, I would like to draw your attention by asking you a question. What does watching movie mean to you? Perhaps some of you may think that watching movies is not beneficial to your children, or they shouldn’t spend too much time on it. But for me, watching movies is often deemed (as) an excellent form of food of thoughts to all walks of life, especially students nowadays. Unsurprisingly, it also brings numerous benefits to children’s lives, which is what I’m going to share with you. I sincerely hope that all of you can encourage your children to incorporate watching movies as a pursuit for intellectual excellence.
First and foremost, movies allow students to extend their learning beyond textbooks. Sometimes it isn’t an effortless task for students to fully realise how a historical situation would have felt by reading textbooks solely. Films can engage the senses of our brains by visual images, background music, and the emotions of acting, which can help students to immerse themselves in a specific era or historical event deeply. I want to cite Green Book – the movie I watched to demonstrate this point. The film captured the story of a prominent African-American pianist Dr Don Shirley, who was about to begin his concert tour in Southern America during the period of racial segregation in 1962. He was eager to hire a driver and a butler to give him protection. Shirley hired Tony Vallelonga, a tough-talking bouncer from an Italian-American community in the Bronx, New York. John Vallelonga is a racist and a hard-nosed person, while Don Shirley is a snobbish, polite, and mild-mannered concert pianist. Despite their polarised differences, after a wave of unfortunate events triggered by severe racism that they had encountered. The two men had successfully developed an unforeseen bond while confronting racism and danger in an era of segregation.
As the famous quote from Mahatma Gandi says “An eye for an eye makes the world blind.” If people hated each other; everyone took revenge base on the idea of racial supremacy, there would be no ethical diversity for us to be proud of. In the movie, as Don and John started entering the South, they began to see the effects of segregation. In Louisville, Kentucky, Don must stay at a beat-up motel that was only for black people, and he was scolded by the other black men there. He wanted to get some drinks at a local bar nearby. Misfortunes never come singly, and he got beaten up at a local bar not long after. In North Carolina, a group of well-off white people forced Don to use a composting toilet, despite enjoying his music-making. The South is not as amenable as the North, and with segregation comes higher tensions between the races.
It is miserable that an elite musician had to suffer unfair treatments caused by segregation just because he is coloured. Although racial segregation in the US was ended in 1964, discrimination still exists in all the civilisations. Take an example of our society, Hong Kong. Hong Kong, which is one of the renowned international cities in the world. Yet, the phenomenon of discrimination is still prevalent. In school campuses, students with special needs are often excluded and sneered or even bullied by normal students; ethical minorities often face various unfair treatments such as getting teased when they are wearing traditional clothing, and local people will give them the cold shoulder based on skin colours. These kinds of incorrect concepts should be abolished. After watching Green Book, I learned that people should put away all the prejudice of vulnerable communities. This one again showcases that watching movies can let us be more sympathetic and further enhance our awareness of the unfairness of personal rights. Likewise, as students have received a train of knowledge from textbooks, watching movies allows them to extend their learning outside textbooks by acting, sounds, scripts etc. Students can understand a specific era or event more comprehensively and thus consolidate what they’ve learnt from textbooks.
Do you know that watching movies can also help us process difficult life lessons? Watching movies provides students with a golden opportunity to recognise themselves in a character or some part of a film’s narrative in order to undergo change. Let’s take a closer look at Green Book to substantiate this point.
In the movie, it harnessed the wavy shortcomings of human emotions, and successfully depicted a conversation between feelings and thoughts. This fills the whole picture with richer emotions, making the story more relatable. I could feel as if Don was really painting his story next to me and vividly see how John reacted to his story. If we dive deeper into the movie, we can actually find many examples where conversations between characters shine through. As Don said, “So if I’m not black enough, and if I’m not white enough, and if I’m not man enough, then tell me Tony, what am I?!.” The sentence patterns used in this quote make the scene more dramatic. This quote illustrates how Don wanted to confess to Tony the ways that he felt marginalised in the world, and it marked a unique moment of vulnerability for him.
These various scenarios helped me build a deeper connection to the movie and its characters because we are all naturally drawn to what the characters say and think. As a teacher, I believe that movies bring more good than harm to students’ lives. Students can find alternative role models to identify with, and observe characters’ behaviours as they tackle challenges similar to their own through watching movies. For example, when Don and John were detained in jail, Don said this to John. ” You never win with violence. You only win when you maintain your dignity.” This quote sends a positive message to students that the key to moving forward and thriving is by keeping cool and not succumbing to violence or unbridled anger. It can educate students on how to deal with multiple difficulties when they step into the society and thus prove that watching movies can hone student’s ability to overcome adversity.
Watching movies is vital because students not only can deepen what they have learnt from textbooks but also help them to equip adequate abilities to overcome obstacles in the future. Now, I believe all of you should be familiar with the benefits of watching movies inside out-so what are you waiting for? Why don’t you encourage your children to embrace movies more often? Your children’s next favourite character is awaiting them to befriend of him/her. Your children’s journey starts today. Thank you, and have a good day.
總結
希望可以幫到各位同學喺SBA到更加輕鬆攞到好成績，將更多嘅心力放喺黎緊嘅DSE英文考試中。
如果大家有什麼英文問題，如Spencer Lam, 好唔好咁樣學英文呀? 或者IELTS考試，成人英文/商業英文的知識及英文資源，歡迎你可以隨時再跟我多交流一下，可以Follow 「Spencer Lam English Team」 Facebook page同IG得到更多英文資訊，亦都可以上 https://spencerlam.hk/ 了解更多!
