喺 DSE English 入面，「因為」係最常用嘅連接詞。咁Due to 同 because of 明明都係「由於，因為」，而且兩個都係介係詞，點解成日喺 past paper 到都比人話我用錯文法呢? 事實上，佢哋係唔可以互換嘅，又點解呢? 咩他們用法係有唔同嘅咩?點樣先唔會喺 DSE English paper 2 到用錯？究竟差喺邊到呢? 等Spencer Sir立即幫你解惑!
Conjunction & Preposition
「連接詞」(conjunction)，例如: because, so, as, although…等等。後面如無意外都係會跟一句完整句子，姐係同一般句子一樣必須包含有主詞、動詞(S+V)。
而「介係詞」(preposition) ，例如: for, by, of, to…等等 後面都係會跟名詞或動名詞。
because (conj.) / because of (prep.)
作文百分之90嘅「因為」就係because喇，而關於because以下幾點要注意:
- because 作為「連接詞」，後面要加一個完整句子，而常見嘅同義字有since, as，佢哋都係連接詞，所以用法同because基本上一樣，都係要有(S+V)。
- because 加左 of 之後就變左「介係詞」，所以係要加上名詞或是動名詞。
例子(because): I was late because I didn’t hear my alarm clock
我遲到了，因為我聽不到我的鬧鐘
例子(because of): Spencer can’t go to work because of sickness (名詞)
因為生病，Spencer不能上班。
due to (prep.)
due to 係個「介係詞」，因此必須要加名詞或動名詞
錯誤例子: I running so slow was due to my legs were injured
正確例子: I running so slow was due to the injury.
- 我跑得很慢的原因是受傷
because of 和 due to 到底有咩唔同？
上面解釋左conjunction同preposition 嘅分別喇。但係都仲未解到because of 同 due to 有咩分解喎。雖然佢哋都係preposition又有同樣意思，但係其實用法上係有唔少出入。
以下嘅例子，可以好明顯睇到due to 同because of 嘅分別喇
Spencer cannot go to work because of sickness (O)
Spencer cannot go to work due to sickness (X)
Spencer not going to work was due to sickness (O)
Spencer not going to work was because of sickness (X)
「主句嘅動詞」
- 喺使用because of 嘅場合，句子嘅主動詞會係一般常見嘅普通動詞，而唔係be動詞。所以喺語意上黎講，because of 係用黎修飾動詞。仲可以用on account of 同 in view of 互換。
Spencer cannot go to work because of sickness (O) =
Spencer cannot go to work on account of/in view of sickness
Because of 嘅意思就用黎修飾前面嘅動詞 go to work，解釋Spencer唔返工嘅原因。
- 喺使用due to 嘅場合，句子嘅主動詞只會係be動詞(is, am, are, was, were)，而唔係一般常見嘅普通動詞。所以喺語意上黎講，due to 就係用黎說明、形容「名詞」。仲可以用caused by 同 resulting from 互換。
Spencer not going to work was due to sickness (O) =
Spencer not going to work was caused by / resulting from sickness
Due to 嘅意思就用黎修飾前面嘅名詞 not going to work，都係解釋Spencer唔返工嘅原因。
Practices:
- The crisis was ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ the spread of the disease.
- The crisis took place ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ the disease.
- The concert has been cancelled ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ lack of interest.
- ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ we’ve got a few minutes to wait for the train, let’s have a cup of coffee.
- She began to grow nervous, ˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍˍ he had promised to meet her at dawn.
Owing to (be careful)
Owing to 用法其實係同because of 一樣嫁
Owing to 用法其實係同because of 一樣嫁
Owing to 用法其實係同because of 一樣嫁
好重要 要講三次
雖然owing to同due to都係攞介詞to做結尾，好似咁。但係owing to 係同because of 一樣用法，而唔係跟be動詞。
而且Owing to大多都放係句子頭
Example:
- Owing to sickness, Spencer cannot go to work (O)
- Spencer not going to work was owing to sickness (X)
As (conj.)
雖然 as 同 because 字面意思相同，但其實都係有少少分別。
As所強調嘅係結果
Because 所強調嘅係原因
例如:
- He hated being in the army because he had to obey commands.
強調原因:「要服從命令」
- He hated being in the army as he had to obey commands.
強調結果: 「討厭當兵」
Since(conj.)
其實since嘅更正確嘅翻譯應該係「既然」先啱。
- Since it is a sunny day, let’s go swimming.
- 既然今天天氣晴朗，去游泳吧
總結
希望今次嘅grammar post可以幫到大家改善日常會錯嘅小mistake，DSE中全力發揮，可以入讀自己心儀嘅大學，齊齊入A1，為中學生涯畫上圓滿的句號。
